α-Amanitin: A specific inhibitor of one of two DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activities from calf thymus

Kédinger, Claude; Gniazdowski, Marek; Mandel, Jean‐Louis; Gissinger, F.; Chambon, Pierre

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(70)91099-5

Cited by 480 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Since actinomycin D inhibits RNA synthesis by binding directly to DNA (9), whereas a-amanitin binds not to the DNA template but to the polymerase itself (17)(18)(19)(20) it was of interest to determine when influenza replication was most sensitive to a-amanitin. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, it has been demonstrated in a number of eukaryotic cells that there are two major forms of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, one (form I) situated in the nucleolus and involved in ribosomal RNA production, the other (form II) in the nucleoplasm and involved in synthesis of messenger RNA (14,15). These two enzyme activities can be distinguished in whole nuclei by an in vitro assay with the drug a-amanitin (16), which inhibits DNA transcription by binding to form II polymerase without affecting form I polymerase activity (17)(18)(19)(20). Using this drug, we have measured the relative activities of the two polymerases in cells infected with influenza virus; our data suggest that DNA-dependent RNA polymerase form II activity is essential during the early stages of virus replication.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Replicate chick embryo fibroblast cultures were washed and exposed to influenza virus (input multiplicity of [15][16][17][18][19][20] with medium containing 3% calf serum and various concentrations of a-amanitin up to 20,ug/ml. After incubation for 1 hr at 370, the cells were washed extensively in 0.9% saline, after which the nuclei were purified and assayed for RNA polymerase II activity in the presence or absence of 2.5,g of a-amanitin as described in Methods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of Influenza Virus Replication by α-Amanitin: Mode of Action

Mahy

Hastie

Armstrong

1972

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The replication of influenza virus in chick embryo fibroblast cells is inhibited by a-amanitin added during the first 2 hr of infection at concentrations similar to those required to inhibit cellular DNA-dependent RNA polymerase form II in vivo. Of two periods of increased RNA synthesis observed in cells infected with influenza virus, only the first, occurring from 0 to 2 hr after infection, is sensitive to a-amanitin. During this early period, there is a stimulation of the activity of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II of nuclei isolated from infected cells. The data suggest that DNA transcription mediated by polymerase II is essential for influenza virus replication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of Influenza Virus Replication by α-Amanitin: Mode of Action

Mahy

Hastie

Armstrong

1972

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…31,32 Despite inhibition of nascent mRNA synthesis by a-amanitin, we were still able to detect the presence of RUNXOR lncRNA (Fig. 1d).…”

Section: Identification Of a Novel Intragenic Long Noncoding Rna In Tmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…31,32 After depletion of nascent mRNA, the RAT assay still detected the lncRNA/DNA interaction (Fig. 4d).…”

Section: Interaction Of Runxor With Regulatory Chromatin Dnamentioning

confidence: 94%

An intragenic long noncoding RNA interacts epigenetically with theRUNX1promoter and enhancer chromatin DNA in hematopoietic malignancies

Wang

Guo

et al. 2014

Int. J. Cancer

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RUNX1, a master regulator of hematopoiesis, is the most commonly perturbed target of chromosomal abnormalities in hematopoietic malignancies. The t(8;21) translocation is found in 30-40% of cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recent wholeexome sequencing also reveals mutations and deletions of RUNX1 in some solid tumors. We describe a RUNX1-intragenic long noncoding RNA RUNXOR that is transcribed as unspliced transcript from an upstream overlapping promoter. RUNXOR was upregulated in AML samples and in response to Ara-C treatment in vitro. RUNXOR utilizes its 3 0 -terminal fragment to directly interact with the RUNX1 promoter and enhancers and participates in the orchestration of an intrachromosomal loop. The 3 0 region of RUNXOR also participates in long-range interchromosomal interactions with chromatin regions that are involved in multiple RUNX1 translocations. These data suggest that RUNXOR noncoding RNA may function as a previously unidentified candidate component that is involved in chromosomal translocation in hematopoietic malignancies.

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Lessons learned from adenovirus (1970–2019)

Nemerow

Flint

2019

FEBS Letters

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Animal viruses are well recognized for their ability to uncover fundamental cell and molecular processes, and adenovirus certainly provides a prime example. This review illustrates the lessons learned from studying adenovirus over the past five decades. We take a look back at the key studies of adenovirus structure and biophysical properties, which revealed the mechanisms of adenovirus association with antibody, cell receptor, and immune molecules that regulate infection. In addition, we discuss the critical contribution of studies of adenovirus gene expression to elucidation of fundamental reactions in pre‐mRNA processing and its regulation. Other pioneering studies furnished the first examples of protein‐primed initiation of DNA synthesis and viral small RNAs. As a nonenveloped virus, adenoviruses have furnished insights into the modes of virus attachment, entry, and penetration of host cells, and we discuss the diversity of cell receptors that support these processes, as well as membrane penetration. As a result of these extensive studies, adenovirus vectors were among the first to be developed for therapeutic applications. We highlight some of the early (unsuccessful) trials and the lessons learned from them.

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α-Amanitin: A specific inhibitor of one of two DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activities from calf thymus

Cited by 480 publications

References 8 publications

Inhibition of Influenza Virus Replication by α-Amanitin: Mode of Action

Inhibition of Influenza Virus Replication by α-Amanitin: Mode of Action

An intragenic long noncoding RNA interacts epigenetically with theRUNX1promoter and enhancer chromatin DNA in hematopoietic malignancies

Lessons learned from adenovirus (1970–2019)

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