α-Amidoalkylating Agents

Penicillin G acylase-mediated kinetic resolution of racemic 1-( N -acylamino)alkylphosphonic and 1-( N -acylamino)alkylphosphinic acids and their esters

“…The N-acylated -aminoalkylphosphonic and -aminoalkylphosphinic acids esters used in this work were prepared as racemic mixtures using the method described in our previous papers [21][22][23][24] (Table 1). Their hydrolysis in 2 M hydrochloric acid to N-acylated acids was satisfactorily performed according to a well-known method [42] (Scheme 1, Table 1).…”

“…Recently, we have developed a new, effective two-stage method for the transformation of N-acyl-α-amino acids into their phosphonic or phosphinic analogues via the electrochemical decarboxylative α-methoxylation of N-acyl-α-amino acids to N- (1-methoxyalkyl)amides and the Michaelis-Arbuzov-type amidoalkylation of the proper phosphorus nucleophile with the latter compounds [21][22][23][24]. The method enables easy access to a variety of N-acylated -aminoalkylphosphonic and -aminoalkylphosphinic acid esters of diversified structure, including the most interesting group of these compounds with the substituents at the -position identical with those ones characteristic for natural, -amino acids, both proteinogenic and unproteinogenic.…”

1-(N-Acylamino)alkyltriarylphosphonium Salts with Weakened Cα-P+ Bond Strength—Synthetic Applications

“…The presence of a positively charged nucleofugal phosphonium moiety in the close surroundings of the N -acyl group determines its unique chemical properties such as high reactivity in α-amidoalkylations [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. This type of reactions has enjoyed unflagging interest for years as a synthetic method with great potential, especially valuable for C-C and C-heteroatom bond formation [1,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37]. …”

“…Of course, the reactivity of N -acyliminium cation 2 or N -acylimine 3 toward a nucleophile is also significant [1,2,3]. To produce the proper α-amidoalkylating agents, for instance N -acyliminium cation 2 or N -acylimine 3 from the most popular precursors such as α-amido sulfones (Z = SO 2 Ar), N -(1-benzotriazolil)alkylamides (Z = Bt), and N -(1-alkoxyalkyl)amides (Z = OR), it is necessary to use catalysts, mainly Lewis acids (route a , Scheme 1 (I)) [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37].…”

“…In contrast, 1-( N -acylamino)alkyltriphenylphosphonium salts 1 (Z = Ph 3 P + X − ) do not require the use of acidic catalysts because of the permanent positive charge on the phosphonium group. However, the relatively high stability of C α -P + bond forces the use of a base catalyst (e.g., Hünig’s base, DBU, TBD; route b , Scheme 1 (I)) and sometimes microwave radiation [1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. …”