α-Enolase is restricted to basal cells of stratified squamous epithelium

Zieske, James D.; Bukusoglu, Gül; Yankauckas, Michelle A.; Wasson, Michael E.; Keutmann, Henry T.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(92)90209-y

Cited by 66 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…1): (1) Cells in neurospheres expressed immunoreactivities corresponding to a isoform of DP63, which identifies a subset of holoclone-generating progenitors cells in the basal layer of the limbal epithelium [30]. (2) RT-PCR analysis of cells in neurospheres showed the absence of transcripts corresponding to neural crest cell markers, SLUG, BARX1, and DGRC6 [31,32] and presence of those corresponding to limbal progenitor markers (DP63a, a-ENOLASE, K15, and Mesothelin) [33,34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non Cell-Autonomous Reprogramming of Adult Ocular Progenitors: Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells without Exogenous Transcription Factors

et al. 2009

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Direct reprogramming of differentiated cells to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by ectopic expression of defined transcription factors (TFs) represents a significant breakthrough towards the use of stem cells in regenerative medicine (Takahashi and Yamanaka Cell 2006;126:663–676). However, the virus‐mediated expression of exogenous transcription factors could be potentially harmful and, therefore, represents a barrier to the clinical use of iPS cells. Several approaches, ranging from plasmid‐mediated TF expression to introduction of recombinant TFs (Yamanaka Cell 2009;137:13–17; Zhou, Wu, Joo et al. Cell Stem Cell 2009;4:381–384), have been reported to address the risk associated with viral integration. We describe an alternative strategy of reprogramming somatic progenitors entirely through the recruitment of endogenous genes without the introduction of genetic materials or exogenous factors. To this end, we reprogrammed accessible and renewable progenitors from the limbal epithelium of adult rat eye by microenvironment‐based induction of endogenous iPS cell genes. Non cell‐autonomous reprogramming generates cells that are pluripotent and capable of differentiating into functional neurons, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes, which may facilitate autologous cell therapy to treat degenerative diseases. STEM CELLS 2009;27:3053–3060

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non Cell-Autonomous Reprogramming of Adult Ocular Progenitors: Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells without Exogenous Transcription Factors

et al. 2009

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“…41 They speculate that this antibody may specifically identify corneal SC; this antibody was later identified as alpha enolase. 42 They also demonstrated that all basal cells of developing rat cornea stained positive for alpha enolase antibody but gradually became sequestered to the limbal area after 2 weeks and were found exclusively in limbal basal cells by 4-6 weeks. 43 Chung et al 44 extended these observations to show that the number of cells staining positive with this antibody increased after corneal wounding in rabbits.…”

Section: Clinical Evidence For Limbal Location Of Putative Corneal Epmentioning

confidence: 93%

Stem cell differentiation and the effects of deficiency

Dua

Joseph

Shanmuganathan

et al. 2003

Eye

195

141

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Stem cells have several unique attributes, the key features being their potency and plasticity. They have the ability to give rise to multiple cell lineages and to transdifferentiate into totally different cell type(s) when relocated to a novel stem cell niche. Most self-renewing tissues are served by stem cells. At the ocular surface, the corneo-scleral limbus is believed to provide the niche for corneal epithelial stem cells. A large body of circumstantial evidence, both clinical and basic, supports this view. However, specific identification of limbal stem cells has proved elusive. Cytokeratin markers, vimentin, epidermal growth factor receptors, p63, and others have been used to identify epithelial cell populations at the limbus, which could harbour putative stem cells. In contrast, none of the known haematopoietic stem cell markers namely, CD34 and CD133, stain any specific subset of corneal or limbal epithelial cells. Singly or collectively, none of these markers point to any unique cell(s) that could be regarded as stem cells, supporting the notion that the corneal epithelium is served by 'committed progenitors' rather than by stem cells. Disease or destruction of the corneoscleral limbus is associated with consequential events that eventually lead to visual impairment or blindness. Conjunctivalisation and vascularisation of the corneal surface and persistent or recurring epithelial defects are hallmarks of limbal deficiency.

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“…stroke, cardiac arrest or other neurological disorders, as in the case of neuronal-specific enolase in plasma [22]. In regard of α-enolase and its function in physiological or pathological conditions of eye, expression of this isozyme has been previously reported to be related to the limbal basal epithelium, as demonstrated by immunofluorescent microscopy [23]. In another study, an up-regulation of α-enolase has been found in the tear fluid of patients with dry eye syndrome [24].…”

Section: α-Enolasementioning

confidence: 96%

Analysis of protein composition and protein expression in the tear fluid of patients with congenital aniridia

Ihnatko

Edén

Lagali

et al. 2013

Journal of Proteomics

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Aniridia is a rare congenital genetic disorder caused by haploinsuffiency of the PAX6 gene, the master gene for development of the eye. The expression of tear proteins in aniridia is unknown. To screen for proteins involved in the aniridia pathophysiology, the tear fluid of patients with diagnosed congenital aniridia was examined using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Two-dimensional map of tear proteins in aniridia has been established and 7 proteins were differentially expressed with P less than 0.01 between aniridia patients and control subjects. Five of them were more abundant in healthy subjects, particularly alpha-enolase, peroxiredoxin 6, cystatin S, gelsolin, apolipoprotein A-1 and two other proteins, zinc-alpha 2-glycoprotein and lactoferrin were more expressed in the tears of aniridia patients. Moreover, immunoblot analysis revealed elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aniridia tears which is in concordance with clinical finding of pathological blood and lymph vessels in the central and peripheral cornea of aniridia patients. The proteins with different expression in patients tears may be new candidate molecules involved in the pathophysiology of aniridia and thus may be helpful for development of novel treatment strategies for the symptomatic therapy of this vision threatening condition. Biological significance This study is first to demonstrate protein composition and protein expression in aniridic tears and identifies proteins with different abundance in tear fluid from patients with congenital aniridia vs. healthy tears

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α-Enolase is restricted to basal cells of stratified squamous epithelium

Cited by 66 publications

References 36 publications

Non Cell-Autonomous Reprogramming of Adult Ocular Progenitors: Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells without Exogenous Transcription Factors

Non Cell-Autonomous Reprogramming of Adult Ocular Progenitors: Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells without Exogenous Transcription Factors

Stem cell differentiation and the effects of deficiency

Analysis of protein composition and protein expression in the tear fluid of patients with congenital aniridia

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