α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from<i>Commelina communis</i>

Kim, Hang Sub; Kim, Young Ho; Hong, Young-Shick; Paek, Nam Soo; Lee, Hong Sub; Kim, Tae Han; Kim, Keewon; Lee, Jun Young

doi:10.1055/s-2006-960803

Cited by 41 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This herb contains 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and (2R,3R,4R,5R)2,5-bis (hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DMDP), which are potent a-glucosidase inhibitors (Fig. 1), but no investigation of their antioxidant activity has been reported [4][5][6]. However, major phytochemicals, phenolic acid, flavonoids, coumarin derivatives, etc., are known to combat oxidative stress in the human body by helping to maintain a balance between oxidants and antioxidants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant constituents in the dayflower (Commelina communis L.) and their α-glucosidase-inhibitory activity

et al. 2008

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The dayflower, Commelina communis L., contains 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and (2R,3R,4R,5R)2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DMDP), potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. The extracts and powder of this herb are important food materials for prophylaxis against type 2 diabetes. Eleven flavonoid glycosides as antioxidants, isoquercitrin, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside, glucoluteolin, chrysoriol-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, orientin, vitexin, isoorientin, isovitexin, swertisin, and flavocommelin, were identified from the aerial parts of C. communis. Their antioxidant activities were measured using in vitro assays employing the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical- and superoxide radical-scavenging assays. The results showed that glucoluteolin, orientin, isoorientin, and isoquercitrin are the predominant antioxidants in this herb. Moreover, isoquercitrin, isorhamnetine-3-O-rutinoside, vitexin, and swertisin inhibited the activity of alpha-glucosidase from rat intestine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant constituents in the dayflower (Commelina communis L.) and their α-glucosidase-inhibitory activity

et al. 2008

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“…[58,59] Although controversial, diminished activation of Akt was reported in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients. [60] Thus, pharmaceutical intervention through augmentation of insulin receptor function may ultimately benefit patients with diabetes. [61] Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a cytoplasmic serine/theronine kinase that plays key roles in insulin signaling and metabolic pathways.…”

Section: World Journal Of Pharmaceutical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Antidiabetic Drugs and Strategies for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Joshi¹

2017

WJPR

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A constant increase in the features of metabolic syndrome leading to serious complications including neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy has resulted in worldwide epidemic of Type 2 diabetes mellitus or insulin resistance. Most of the available antidiabetic drugs were developed in the absence of defined molecular targets or a clear understanding of disease pathogenesis. Moreover, the available drugs suffer from one or the other side effects. Emerging knowledge of key physiologic mechanisms related to probable causes of hepatic and muscle insulin resistance on glucose metabolism has led to a number of new emerging molecular drug targets. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major contributor of deaths in India and worldwide, there is a urgent need to develop new drugs that will be helpful to diminish the overall diabetic load of world population. The present review provides the description of existing antidiabetic drugs and their respective molecular targets. There is a information regarding the antidiabetic targets that include receptors and enzymes that enhance glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, suppress hepatic glucose production, increase skeletal muscle glucose transport and utilization, increase insulin sensitivity and intracellular insulin signaling with reduction in circulating and intracellular lipids. It also emphasizes on the need for developing novel antidiabetic drugs having lower side effects and more efficacy.

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“…Presently, 1-DNJ and its analogs have been isolated from a wide range of plants and microbes (Asano et al, 1998;2000;Kim et al, 1999), but the 1-DNJ content in the mulberry tree is the highest among plants (Kimura et al, 2007;Yatsunami et al, 2008). Mulberry has been utilized as a Chinese medicine against diabetes mellitus for years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1-Deoxynojirimycin Content and Blood Glucose-Lowering Effect of Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Extract Powder

Ryu¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2013

International Journal of Industrial Entomology

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We investigated the 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) content of extracts from silkworm larvae at each developmental stage within three silkworm varieties. We also compared the content of the following polyhydroxylated alkaloids in the silkworm extracts: 1-DNJ, fagomine, and 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol (DAB). In addition, we evaluated the glucose-lowering effects of silkworm extract powder in db/db mice. The 1-DNJ content was the highest in Yeonnokjam 5 th instar 3 rd d larvae and Hansaengjam 5 th instar 3 rd d larvae, which contained 18.4 mg/100 g dry weight and 18.3 mg/100 g dry weight, respectively. The 5 th instar 3 rd d larvae exhibited a higher content of 1-DNJ than that of 5 th instar 5th d larvae among all varieties. The glucose-lowering effects of silkworm extracts and Yeonnokjam powder were tested on db/db mice, and the blood glucose levels were found to decrease significantly in the YR70 group. Silkworm extracts (180 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg, 45 mg/kg, and 22.5 mg/kg) and acarbose (50 mg/kg) were administered orally for 4 wk. Changes in water intake were not statistically significant between control and silkworm extract-treated groups. Compared to the control group, blood glucose levels in the silkworm extract powder-treated group decreased in the 22.5 mg/kg/d group after being administered for 4 wk. This decrease was statistically significant. Furthermore, biochemical changes in the AST(Aspartate aminotransferase), ALT(Alanine aminotransferase), TCHO(Total Cholesterol), TG(Triglyceride), LDL(Low density lipoprotein), and HDL(High density lipoprotein) levels in blood were not observed. However, statistically significant decreases in blood GLU in the 22.5 mg/kg/d group compared to that of the control group occurred. In addition, the epididymal fat weight of the silkworm extract powder-treated group decreased significantly in both the 22.5 mg/kg/d group and 180 mg/kg/d group compared to that of the control group, but there were no statistically significant changes in perirenal fat weight. These results demonstrate that silkworm extracts inhibit changes in blood glucose levels in model diabetic mice. Measurement of fasting blood glucose levelsFasting blood glucose levels were measured after the animals fasted for 3 h for 4 wk. The db/db mice were obtained from Japan SLC, Inc (Japan), and animals at 6 wk of age were used.Blood glucose levels were determined in mouse blood samples from the tail vein using a glucose analyzer (Accu-Chek Active;Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Germany). Blood glucose levels were determined in blood samples from the tail vein at 0 min (prior to maltose administration), 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min after maltose administration for glucose tolerance tests. Administration of silkworm extracts to db/db miceMale C57BL/KSJ-(db/db) mice (6 wk old) were purchased from Japan SLC, Inc (Japan). They were housed in a conventional state with the appropriate temperature (23°C ± 3°C) and humidity (55% ± 15%) under a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle with free access to food and water. All groups were fed a s...

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α-Glucosidase Inhibitors fromCommelina communis

Cited by 41 publications

References 3 publications

Antioxidant constituents in the dayflower (Commelina communis L.) and their α-glucosidase-inhibitory activity

Antioxidant constituents in the dayflower (Commelina communis L.) and their α-glucosidase-inhibitory activity

Current Antidiabetic Drugs and Strategies for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

1-Deoxynojirimycin Content and Blood Glucose-Lowering Effect of Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Extract Powder

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