“…The stimulatory effect of E2 on oviduct fluid secretion (Ghersevich, Massa, & Zumoffen, ) results in the production of the greatest volume of fluid by the oviduct during estrus (Killian, ). Proteins like OVGP1, HSPA5 (also known as GRP78), FUCA1, and FUCA2 have been associated with spermatozoa and/or the cumulus‐oocyte complex (Boilard et al, ; Coy et al, ; Phopin, Nimlamool, Bartlett, & Bean, ; Phopin et al, ), acting on polyspermy control by hardening the zona pellucida before fertilization (Coy et al, ; Miller, Gong, Decker, & Shur, ; Mondéjar, Martínez‐Martínez, Avilés, & Coy, ), and modulating sperm‐ zona pellucida interactions, indicating an active role in the oviduct during the fertilization process (Coy et al, ; Marín‐Briggiler et al, ; Romero‐Aguirregomezcorta, Matás, & Coy, ; Venditti, Swann, & Bean, ). In this study, owing to the increase in local E2 levels in cows submitted to the FSH/eCG superstimulation protocol, we analyzed the transcript levels of genes involved in fertilization and gamete interactions.…”