α-Tocopherol bioavailability is lower in adults with metabolic syndrome regardless of dairy fat co-ingestion: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial

Mah, Eunice; Sapper, Teryn N.; Chitchumroonchokchai, Chureeporn; Failla, Mark L.; Schill, Kevin E.; Clinton, Steven K.; Bobe, Gerd; Traber, Maret G.; Bruno, Richard S.

doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.118570

Cited by 63 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…Peroxidative damage to lipids is also elevated in patients with NASH (8,9), thereby suggesting that requirements for vitamin E, which is a lipid-soluble antioxidant, may be higher. Notably, we have reported lower apparent a-tocopherol bioavailability in individuals with MetS than in healthy participants after receipt of an oral dose of 15 mg hexadeuterium-labeled RRR-a-tocopherol (d 6 -a-T) (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Participants were recruited from the Columbus, Ohio, area, and all aspects of the clinical trial were performed at OSU General Clinical Research Center from July 2013 to May 2014. Complete details of the clinical trial have been reported previously (10). In this double-blind, crossover clinical trial, sex-and age-matched healthy participants and those with MetS (n = 5 women and 5 men/group; age range: 24-40 y) completed 4 milk interventions (nonfat, reduced-fat, whole, or soy milk) with each 72-h milk intervention separated by washout period $2 wk (Supplemental Figure 1).…”

Section: Participants and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the time to achieve maximum plasma a-tocopherol concentrations from an oral-labeled dose is fairly long and usually observed at 9-12 h postdosing (10,(13)(14)(15). The assessment of the actual bioavailability requires comparisons of concentrations after intravenous and oral administrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the current study, we hypothesized that plasma concentrations and urinary excretions of a-CEHC and its precursor catabolite a-carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychromanol (a-CMBHC) would be lower in participants with MetS than in healthy adults (10), thereby reflecting whole-body a-tocopherol status. In addition, urinary a-CEHC and a-CMBHC would serve as more-sensitive biomarkers of a-tocopherol status than would plasma a-tocopherol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, urinary a-CEHC and a-CMBHC would serve as more-sensitive biomarkers of a-tocopherol status than would plasma a-tocopherol. The urine and plasma samples were collected and analyzed as part of a clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01787591) as previously reported (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic syndrome increases dietary α-tocopherol requirements as assessed using urinary and plasma vitamin E catabolites: a double-blind, crossover clinical trial

Traber

Mah

Leonard

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Vitamin E supplementation improves liver histology in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which is a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We reported previously that a-tocopherol bioavailability in healthy adults is higher than in those with MetS, thereby suggesting that the latter group has increased requirements. Objective: We hypothesized that a-tocopherol catabolites a-carboxyethyl hydroxychromanol (a-CEHC) and a-carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychromanol (a-CMBHC) are useful biomarkers of a-tocopherol status. Design: Adults (healthy or with MetS; n = 10/group) completed a double-blind, crossover clinical trial with four 72-h interventions during which they co-ingested 15 mg hexadeuterium-labeled RRR-a-tocopherol (d 6 -a-T) with nonfat, reduced-fat, whole, or soy milk. During each intervention, we measured a-CEHC and a-CMBHC excretions in three 8-h urine collections (0-24 h) and plasma a-tocopherol, a-CEHC, and a-CMBHC concentrations at various times #72 h. Results: During the first 24 h, participants with MetS compared with healthy adults excreted 41% less a-CEHC (all values are leastsquares means 6 SEMs: 0.6 6 0.1 compared with 1.0 6 0.1 mmol/g creatinine, respectively; P = 0.002), 63% less hexadeuterium-labeled (d 6 )-a-CEHC (0.04 6 0.02 compared with 0.13 6 0.02 mmol/g creatinine, respectively; P = 0.002), and 58% less d 6 -a-CMBHC (0.017 6 0.004 compared with 0.041 6 0.004 mmol/g creatinine, respectively; P = 0.0009) and had 52% lower plasma d 6 -a-CEHC areas under the concentration curves [area under the curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC 0-24h ): 27.7 6 7.9 compared with 58.4 6 7.9 nmol/L 3 h, respectively; P = 0.01]. d 6 -a-CEHC peaked before d 6 -a-T in 77 of 80 paired plasma concentration curves. Urinary d 6 -a-CEHC 24-h concentrations were associated with the plasma AUC 0-24 h of d 6 -a-T (r = 0.53, P = 0.02) and d 6 -a-CEHC (r = 0.72, P = 0.0003), and with urinary d 6 -a-CMBHC (r = 0.88, P , 0.0001), and inversely with the plasma inflammation biomarkers C-reactive protein (r = 20.70, P = 0.0006), interleukin-10 (r = 20.59, P = 0.007), and interleukin-6 (r = 20.54, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Urinary a-CEHC and a-CMBHC are useful biomarkers to noninvasively assess a-tocopherol adequacy, especially in populations with MetS-associated hepatic dysfunction that likely impairs a-tocopherol trafficking. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01787591.Am J Clin Nutr 2017;105:571-9.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Participants and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%