β-Adrenergic stimulation enhances the heat shock response in fish

Currie, Suzanne; Gilmour, Kathleen M.; McConnell, Tom; McGinn, Patrick J.; Perry, Steve F.; Reddin, Katharine

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.382

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Heat shock resulted in a typical mobilization of catecholamines (Currie et al, 2008) and this adrenergic response was not affected by social status. Similarly, Sloman et al (Sloman et al, 2002b), using a perfused head kidney preparation, found no difference in the rate of catecholamine secretion elicited by acetylcholine between dominant and subordinate rainbow trout.…”

Section: Heat Shockmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The heat shock temperature of 25°C was selected because it is known to induce HSPs in red blood cells (RBCs) and other tissues of rainbow trout acclimated to 13°C (e.g. Currie et al, 2008;Fowler et al, 2009). To control for the effect of blood sampling and reduction in haematocrit (Soivio et al, 1975), the same sampling regime was performed on fish maintained at 13°C throughout the experiment.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not clear why these tissue differences in the heat shock response of dominant and subordinate fish exist, but one possibility is that the heat shock response was maintained in the blood of socially stressed fish by the presence of catecholamines. Whereas cortisol has been reported to decrease the HSP response to a stressor (Basu et al, 2001), catecholamines enhance the response (Currie et al, 2008). Adrenaline is found in tissues other than blood only at low levels (Sebert et al, 1986).…”

Section: Heat Shockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currie et al, 2008). Using cannulated fish also enabled us to describe the physiological and cellular responses to heat stress in an individual fish over time.…”

Section: Heat Shockmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic social stress impairs thermal tolerance in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

LeBlanc

Middleton

Gilmour

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYWhen faced with limited resources, juvenile salmonid fish form dominance hierarchies that result in social stress for socially subordinate individuals. Social stress, in turn, can have consequences for the ability of the fish to respond to additional stressors such as pathogens or exposure to pollutants. In the present study, the possibility that social stress affects the ability of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to tolerate acute increases in water temperature was investigated. To this end, we first evaluated physiological and cellular stress responses following a 1h heat shock in juvenile fish in dominance hierarchies. We measured stress hormone (cortisol and catecholamines) concentrations and blood, brain and liver tissue levels of three heat shock proteins (HSPs), the stress inducible HSP70, the constitutive HSC70 and HSP90, in dominant and subordinate trout. No effects of social status on the hormonal response to the heat stress were detected, but the cellular heat shock response in the brain and liver of dominant and subordinate individuals was inhibited. We then assessed thermal tolerance in dominant and subordinate fish through critical thermal maximum temperature (CT max ) trials and measured HSPs following the heat shock. Subordinate fish were less thermally tolerant than their dominant counterparts. We conclude that social stress impacts the ability of fish to respond, on a cellular scale and in a tissue-specific manner, to increases in water temperature, with likely consequences for overall fitness.

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Section: Heat Shockmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Experimental Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heat Shockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currie et al, 2008). Using cannulated fish also enabled us to describe the physiological and cellular responses to heat stress in an individual fish over time.…”

Section: Heat Shockmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Chronic social stress impairs thermal tolerance in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

LeBlanc

Middleton

Gilmour

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Although an increase in damaged proteins is likely the primary trigger for HSP induction following stress; stress hormones, including catecholamines and cortisol, influence transcription and translation of HSP genes and proteins. Catecholamines appear to augment stress-induced HSP gene transcripts and proteins in mammals (32,39,54), fish (9), and invertebrates (23). The glucocorticoid receptor is chaperoned by several HSPs, mainly the HSP90 and HSP70 families (17), so it is perhaps not surprising that the receptor's main ligand, the stress hormone cortisol, also affects HSP gene and protein expression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal modulation of the heat shock response: insights from fish with divergent cortisol stress responses

LeBlanc

Höglund

Gilmour

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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LeBlanc S, Höglund E, Gilmour KM, Currie S. Hormonal modulation of the heat shock response: insights from fish with divergent cortisol stress responses. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302: R184-R192, 2012. First published October 26, 2011 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00196.2011.-Acute temperature stress in animals results in increases in heat shock proteins (HSPs) and stress hormones. There is evidence that stress hormones influence the magnitude of the heat shock response; however, their role is equivocal. To determine whether and how stress hormones may affect the heat shock response, we capitalized on two lines of rainbow trout specifically bred for their high (HR) and low (LR) cortisol response to stress. We predicted that LR fish, with a low cortisol but high catecholamine response to stress, would induce higher levels of HSPs after acute heat stress than HR trout. We found that HR fish have significantly higher increases in both catecholamines and cortisol compared with LR fish, and LR fish had no appreciable stress hormone response to heat shock. This unexpected finding prevented further interpretation of the hormonal modulation of the heat shock response but provided insight into stress-coping styles and environmental stress. HR fish also had a significantly greater and faster heat shock response and less oxidative protein damage than LR fish. Despite these clear differences in the physiological and cellular responses to heat shock, there were no differences in the thermal tolerance of HR and LR fish. Our results support the hypothesis that responsiveness to environmental change underpins the physiological differences in stress-coping styles. Here, we demonstrate that the heat shock response is a distinguishing feature of the HR and LR lines and suggest that it may have been coselected with the hormonal responses to stress. heat shock protein; catecholamines; heat stress; thermal tolerance; high-responding; low-responding HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS (HSPs) are molecular chaperones responsible for the repair of damaged proteins and assist in folding of new proteins. They increase following cellular stress resulting from exposure to high temperature, ischemia-reperfusion, or oxidative damage, and they have been found in every organism in which they have been sought (13, 21). The putative trigger for HSP induction is an increase in damaged proteins within the cell (1), which frees the heat shock transcription factor (e.g., HSF1) to initiate rapid increases in gene transcription followed by translation into HSPs (31). Although an increase in damaged proteins is likely the primary trigger for HSP induction following stress; stress hormones, including catecholamines and cortisol, influence transcription and translation of HSP genes and proteins. Catecholamines appear to augment stress-induced HSP gene transcripts and proteins in mammals (32, 39, 54), fish (9), and invertebrates (23). The glucocorticoid receptor is chaperoned by several HSPs, mainly the HSP90 and HSP70 families (17), so it is perhaps not surprising tha...

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Facing warm temperatures during migration: cardiac mRNA responses of two adult Oncorhynchus nerka populations to warming and swimming challenges

Anttila

Eliason

Kaukinen

et al. 2014

Journal of Fish Biology

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The main findings of the current study were that exposing adult sockeye salmon Onchorhynchus nerka to a warm temperature that they regularly encounter during their river migration induced a heat shock response at an mRNA level, and this response was exacerbated with forced swimming. Similar to the heat shock response, increased immune defence-related responses were also observed after warm temperature treatment and with a swimming challenge in two different populations (Chilko and Nechako), but with some important differences. Microarray analyses revealed that 347 genes were differentially expressed between the cold (12-13° C) and warm (18-19° C) treated fish, with stress response (GO:0006950) and response to fungus (GO:0009620) elevated with warm treatment, while expression for genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (GO:0006119) and electron transport chain (GO:0022900) elevated for cold-treated fish. Analysis of single genes with real-time quantitative PCR revealed that temperature had the most significant effect on mRNA expression levels, with swimming and population having secondary influences. Warm temperature treatment for the Chilko population induced expression of heat shock protein (hsp) 90α, hsp90β and hsp30 as well as interferon-inducible protein. The Nechako population, which is known to have a narrower thermal tolerance window than the Chilko population, showed even more pronounced stress responses to the warm treatment and there was significant interaction between population and temperature treatment for hsp90β expression. Moreover, significant interactions were noted between temperature treatment and swimming challenge for hsp90α and hsp30, and while swimming challenge alone increased expression of these hsps, the expression levels were significantly elevated in warm-treated fish swum to exhaustion. In conclusion, it seems that adult O. nerka currently encounter conditions that induce several cellular defence mechanisms during their once-in-the-lifetime migration. As river temperatures continue to increase, it remains to be seen whether or not these cellular defences provide sufficient protection for all O. nerka populations.

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β-Adrenergic stimulation enhances the heat shock response in fish

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Chronic social stress impairs thermal tolerance in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Chronic social stress impairs thermal tolerance in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Hormonal modulation of the heat shock response: insights from fish with divergent cortisol stress responses

Facing warm temperatures during migration: cardiac mRNA responses of two adult Oncorhynchus nerka populations to warming and swimming challenges

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