β‐Carotene and lycopene affect endothelial response to TNF‐α reducing nitro‐oxidative stress and interaction with monocytes

Tomo, Pamela Di; Canali, Raffaella; Ciavardelli, Domenico; Silvestre, Sara Di; Marco, Alessandro De; Giardinelli, Annalisa; Pipino, Caterina; Pietro, Natalia Di; Virgili, Fabio; Pandolfi, Assunta

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201100500

Cited by 93 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Di Tomo et al (2012) reported that low concentration of b-carotene (2.5 lM) decreased ROS generation in TNF-a-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Gloria et al (2014) showed that b-carotene and lycopene (0.5-10 lM) induce cell cycle arrest, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As possible mechanisms for anticancer effect of b-carotene, pro-oxidant activity (Palozza et al 2002;Guruvayoorappan and Kuttan 2007), anti-oxidant action (Di Tomo et al 2012;Mishra et al 2013), and cell cycle regulation (Lim et al 2014;Gloria et al 2014) have been demonstrated. Di Tomo et al (2012) reported that low concentration of b-carotene (2.5 lM) decreased ROS generation in TNF-a-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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β-Carotene-induced apoptosis is mediated with loss of Ku proteins in gastric cancer AGS cells

et al. 2015

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High dietary intakes and high blood levels of bcarotene are associated with a decreased incidence of various cancers. The anticancer effect of b-carotene is related to its pro-oxidant activity. DNA repair Ku proteins, as a heterodimer of Ku70 and Ku80, play a crucial role in DNA double-strand break repair. Reductions in Ku70/80 contribute to apoptosis. Previously, we showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate caspase-3 which induces degradation of Ku proteins. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of b-carotene-induced apoptosis of gastric cancer AGS cells by determining cell viability, DNA fragmentation, apoptotic indices (increases in cytochrome c and Bax, decrease in Bcl-2), ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase-3 activity, Ku70/80 levels, and Ku-DNA-binding activity of the cells treated with or without antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine and caspase-3 inhibitor z-DEVED-fmk. As a result, b-carotene induced apoptosis (decrease in cell viability, increases in DNA fragmentation and apoptotic indices) and caspase-3 activation, but decreased Ku70/80 levels and Ku-DNAbinding activity. b-Carotene-induced alterations (increase in caspase-3 activity, decrease in Ku proteins) and apoptosis were inhibited by N-acetyl cysteine and z-DEVEDfmk. Increment of intracellular and mitochondrial ROS levels and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were suppressed by N-acetyl cysteine, but not by z-DEVED-fmk in b-carotene-treated cells. Therefore, b-carotene-induced increases in ROS and caspase-3 activity may lead to reduction of Ku70/80 levels, which results in apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Loss of Ku proteins might be the underlying mechanism for b-carotene-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Carotene-induced apoptosis is mediated with loss of Ku proteins in gastric cancer AGS cells

et al. 2015

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“…These functions decreased interactions of endothelial cells with monocytes [43]. Another report demonstrated that β-carotene and lycopene treatment reduced TNF-α-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses to affect interactions between monocytes and human endothelial cells [43]. Furthermore, lycopene reduces C-reactive protein levels in CVD [49].…”

Section: Preventive Effects Of Carotenoids On Cardiovascular Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, β-carotene and lycopene reduced TNF-α-enhanced inflammatory responses by reducing nitro-oxidative stress. These functions decreased interactions of endothelial cells with monocytes [43]. Another report demonstrated that β-carotene and lycopene treatment reduced TNF-α-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses to affect interactions between monocytes and human endothelial cells [43].…”

Section: Preventive Effects Of Carotenoids On Cardiovascular Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is related to a functional inactivation of NO in endothelial cells and can induce CVD. β-Carotene and lycopene-mediated prevention of TNF-α expression was associated with reduced nitrooxidative stress and inflammatory response in endothelial cells [43]. Meanwhile, in human endothelial cells, lycopene prevents endothelin-1 expression by inhibiting ROS generation and inducing heme oxygenase-1 expression (HO-1) [44], while also inhibiting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced NF-κB activation, ICAM-1 expression, and monocyte endothelial adhesion [15].…”

Section: Preventive Effects Of Carotenoids On Cardiovascular Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carotenoids Regulate Endothelial Functions and Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Yamagata¹

2017

Carotenoids

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Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables can help reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its associated mortality. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is thought to have cardioprotective effects, but the specific components of these foods that provide this protection are unclear. Antioxidants such as vitamin C, carotenoids, and polyphenols in fruits and vegetables likely contribute to the reduction in risk of CVD by minimizing cholesterol oxidation in blood vessel walls. Meanwhile, cardioprotective effects afforded by the carotenoids lycopene, α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin have been reported in many studies. Carotenoids are naturally occurring fat-soluble pigments that are present at high levels in tomatoes and carrots. Carotenoids play an important role in staving off atherosclerosis via antioxidant activities that reduce lipid peroxidation in low-density lipoproteins. Lycopene reduces endothelin-1 gene expression by suppressing generation of reactive oxygen species and inducing heme oxygenase-1 expression in human endothelial cells. Thus, carotenoids may mitigate endothelial dysfunction by promoting direct antioxidative effects and inducing expression of several genes. Structural and functional differences among carotenoids may explain their unique biologic activities. In this review, the roles of carotenoids in relation to their influence on vascular endothelial functions and cardioprotective effects are discussed.

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Antioxidants in Hypertension

Byregowda,

Begum,

Bala

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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β‐Carotene and lycopene affect endothelial response to TNF‐α reducing nitro‐oxidative stress and interaction with monocytes

Abstract: Our observations provide background for a novel mechanism for carotenoids' anti-inflammatory activity in the vasculature and may contribute to a better understanding of the protective effects of carotenoid-rich diets against CVD risk.

Cited by 93 publications

References 42 publications

β-Carotene-induced apoptosis is mediated with loss of Ku proteins in gastric cancer AGS cells

β-Carotene-induced apoptosis is mediated with loss of Ku proteins in gastric cancer AGS cells

Carotenoids Regulate Endothelial Functions and Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Antioxidants in Hypertension

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