β-Carotene Reduces Bleomycin-Induced Genetic Damage in Human Lymphocytes

Glei, Michael; Liegibel, Ute M.; Ebert, Miriam Nannette; Böhm, Volker; Pool‐Zobel, Beatrice L.

doi:10.1006/taap.2001.9329

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…While a number of studies have reported protective effects of carotenoids against DNA damage by various toxins in cell culture (Glei et al, 2002, Matos et al, 2000, Lowe et al, 1999, Weitberg et al, 1985, some have found no protective effects (Woods et al, 1999, andYeh et al, 2001). However, there are few reports on interactions of carotenoids with peroxynitrite or its derived species and effect on DNA damage and/or protein tyrosine nitration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lycopene and β-carotene on peroxynitrite-mediated cellular modifications

Muzandu

Ishizuka

Sakamoto

et al. 2006

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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Peroxynitrite formed by the reaction of superoxide and nitric oxide is a highly reactive species with a role in various pathological processes such as cancer, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. In the present study, the effect of the carotenoids, lycopene and β-carotene, on peroxynitrite-mediated modifications in plasmid DNA as well as cellular DNA and proteins were investigated. In pUC18 plasmid DNA, these carotenoids strongly inhibited DNA strand breaks caused by peroxynitrite generated from 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1). SIN-1 was also used to determine effects on DNA damage and protein tyrosine nitration in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. SIN-1 dose-dependently increased nitration of proteins in cells above basal levels as determined by western blotting. This nitration was inhibited in the presence of the uric acid as well as lycopene. Physiological concentrations (0.31-10 μM) of lycopene and β-carotene also had protective effects on DNA damage, as measured by the comet assay. Lycopene significantly reduced DNA damage particularly, in the median range of concentrations (2.5 μM).The protective effects of lycopene and β-carotene could be due to their scavenging of reactive oxygen (ROS) and/or nitrogen species (RNS) as they reduce the amount of intracellular ROS/RNS produced following treatment with SIN-1 by as much as 47.5 and 42.4 %, respectively. The results obtained in this study suggest that carotenoids may alleviate some of the deleterious effects of peroxynitrite and possibly other reactive nitrogen species as well in vivo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lycopene and β-carotene on peroxynitrite-mediated cellular modifications

Muzandu

Ishizuka

Sakamoto

et al. 2006

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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“…49 Another report by Lean et al suggested that dietary flavonols protect diabetic human lymphocytes against oxidative damage to DNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…48 Glei et al reported that β-carotene reduces H 2 O 2 -induced genetic damage in human lymphocytes when pre-treated with β-carotene. 49 Another report by Lean et al suggested that dietary flavonols protect diabetic human lymphocytes against oxidative damage to DNA. 50 Docosahexaenoic acid was also reported to protect human lymphocytes against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ashwagandha Root Extract Inhibits Acetylcholine Esterase, Protein Modification and Ameliorates H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Lymphocytes

Pal¹,

Kandikattu²,

Bhushan³

et al. 2017

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Background: Herbs have long been the basis of medical treatment but the practice of herbalism is not strictly based on evidences gathered using scientific methods. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) is a traditional medicinal herb used in the treatment of various ailments. Objective: In current study we have evaluated the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant potential of Ashwagandha root extract (ARE) in in-vitro and ex-vivo models to give a scientific base to its use in herbal medicine. Methodology: Simplest extraction e.g. maceration method was performed for preparation of extracts using methanol as solvent. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental trial were executed to evaluate the efficacy of root extract. Result and Discussion: ARE substantially scavenged free radicals and effectively prevented protein degradation as well as modification as studied by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Pre-treatment with ARE protected rat lymphocytes against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative damage. H 2 O 2 treatment resulted in DNA fragmentation and significantly decreased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase while decreased and increased the content of glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively. ARE pre-treatment almost reversed these changes indicating its efficiency to suppress hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Conclusion: The study provides the scientific basis of pleiotropic functions of Ashwagandha. Key words: Acetylcholine esterase, Rat lymphocytes, Antioxidants, Ashwagandha, Protein carbonylation, DNA damage. the loss of cholinergic innervation, reduction of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and enhanced acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity. AChE terminates the interaction between neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and the corresponding receptor protein (acetylcholine receptor, nAChR), which is the basis of the intercellular communication in brain. Pharmacological and analytical data from human tissue and body fluids have implicated oxidation products of fatty acids in the pathogenesis of AD. 7 Antioxidants can act by scavenging the reactive products of lipid peroxidation and may be useful in prevention and treatment of AD. The modulation of AChE is presently the most accepted and recognized therapeutic marker for development of cognitive enhancers. 8 Currently used AChE inhibitors, like tacrine, produce side effects such as hepatotoxicity. Ajay9 So, the use of natural bioactive compounds, like antioxidants, finds their possible application in the prevention and treatment of AD. Dastmalchia and his associates have summarized that interest in the discovery of natural antioxidants has risen exponentially, principally for three reasons: 303Determination of antioxidant capacity using ABTS + (2, 2'-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) assayThe method used was the ABTS + (cation radical) decolorization assay which is based on the ability of an antioxidant ...

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“…A fraction of mononuclear cells was isolated from several anonymous buffy coat preparations by gradient centrifugation using HISTOPAQUE Ò -1077 (Sigma, Deisenhofen, Germany) as described earlier [6,16]. All blood donors gave their informed consent.…”

Section: Cell Culture Of Pbmc and Ht29mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, PBMC are used as surrogate tissues that may mimic effects occurring in remote target tissues of exposure [32,37]. In vitro, these cells can be used as human primary cell models [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiles in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as biomarkers for nutritional in vitro and in vivo investigations

et al. 2010

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Identification of chemopreventive substances may be achieved by measuring biological endpoints in human cells in vitro. Since generally only tumour cells are available for such investigations, our aim was to test the applicability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as an in vitro primary cell model since they mimic the human in vivo situation and are relatively easily available. Cell culture conditions were refined, and the basal variation of gene expression related to drug metabolism and stress response was determined. Results were compared with profiles of an established human colon cell line (HT29) as standard. For biomarker development of nutritional effects, PBMC and HT29 cells were treated with potentially chemopreventive substances (chrysin and butyrate), and gene expression was determined. Key results were that relevant stress response genes, such as glutathione S-transferase T2 (GSTT2) and GSTM2, were modulated by butyrate in PBMC as in HT29 cells, but the blood cells were less sensitive and responded with high individual differences. We conclude that these cells may serve as a surrogate tissue in dietary investigations and the identified differentially expressed genes have the potential to become marker genes for population studies on biological effects.

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β-Carotene Reduces Bleomycin-Induced Genetic Damage in Human Lymphocytes

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of lycopene and β-carotene on peroxynitrite-mediated cellular modifications

Effect of lycopene and β-carotene on peroxynitrite-mediated cellular modifications

Ashwagandha Root Extract Inhibits Acetylcholine Esterase, Protein Modification and Ameliorates H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Lymphocytes

Gene expression profiles in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as biomarkers for nutritional in vitro and in vivo investigations

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