“…On the other hand, it is important to improve their sensing performance, detection limit, and operation temperature. A range of techniques, including surface functionalization [13][14][15][16], doping [17,18], and heterostructure formation [7,[19][20][21], have been developed to enhance the sensing performance, detection limit, and operation temperature of 1D nanostructure sensors. Among these techniques, the heterostructure formation method was adopted to enhance the sensing properties of the WO 3 1D nanostructure-based sensors in this study.…”