β-Lactamase activity in slow-growing nonpigmented mycobacteria and their sensitivity to certain β-lactam antibiotics

Kasik, John E.; Monick, Martha M.; Schwarz, Bernd

doi:10.1016/0041-3879(80)90041-0

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The destruction of penicillin by a mycobacterium (M. tuberculosis) was first reported in 1945 by Woodruff and Foster (448), and, largely from the work of Kasik et al several decades later, it became clear that penicillinase/␤-lactamase activity was present in both slowly growing and rapidly growing mycobacteria and that each organism appeared to have several proteins with penicillinase/␤-lactamase activity (182)(183)(184)(185). Since then, it has become clear that ␤-lactamases are ubiquitous in mycobacteria, and the genomic data are consistent with previous observations that each organism may have multiple enzymes with ␤-lactamase activity.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Mycobacterial Cell Wall Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Drug Resistance Mechanisms, and Therapy of Infections with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

2012

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SUMMARY Within the past 10 years, treatment and diagnostic guidelines for nontuberculous mycobacteria have been recommended by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Moreover, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) has published and recently (in 2011) updated recommendations including suggested antimicrobial and susceptibility breakpoints. The CLSI has also recommended the broth microdilution method as the gold standard for laboratories performing antimicrobial susceptibility testing of nontuberculous mycobacteria. This article reviews the laboratory, diagnostic, and treatment guidelines together with established and probable drug resistance mechanisms of the nontuberculous mycobacteria.

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Section: Inhibition Of Mycobacterial Cell Wall Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Drug Resistance Mechanisms, and Therapy of Infections with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

2012

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“…The isolates were from clinical specimens submitted to the microbiology laboratory 4, and clavulanic acid, 2; amoxicillin, 2, and clavulanic acid, 1; amoxicillin, 1, and clavulanic acid, 0.5; and amoxicillin, 0.5, and clavulanic acid, 0.25. A control tube without any drug was run for each mycobacterial strain.…”

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confidence: 99%

In vitro activity of amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Cynamon¹,

Palmer²

1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The comparative in vitro activity of amoxicillin alone and in combination with clavulanic acid against 15 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was evaluated by broth dilution susceptibility testing. Amoxicillin inhibited 4 of 15 isolates at 8 ,ug/ml or less but was not bactericidal against any of the isolates at that concentration. Amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid was bactericidal for 14 of 15 isolates tested at an amoxicillin concentration of 4 ,ug/ml or less and a clavulanic acid concentration of 2 ,ug/ml or less.Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces a constitutive, intracellular ,-lactamase which has activity as both a penicillinase and a cephalosporinase (3). This enzyme appears to have a role in determining the resistance of M. tuberculosis to P-lactamase-labile P-lactams (2 (strains 1268, 1540, 1560, 1578, 1694, 1789, and 1790).The strains of M. tuberculosis were tested for P-lactamase activity with nitrocefin (provided by Glaxo Research, Greenford, Middlesex, United Kingdom) as described in a previous paper (1) except that the culture medium was 7H10 broth. All of the strains of M. tuberculosis used in this study had P-lactamase activity.The antimicrobial agents evaluated in this study were provided as standard powders as follows: amoxicillin (potency 860 ,ug/mg) and potassium clavulanate (potency, 826 jig/mg) (Beecham Laboratories, Bristol, Tenn.). Stock solutions of each antimicrobial agent were prepared immediately before use by hydrating a known weight of drug in Middlebrook and Cohn 7H10 broth (5) with Middlebrook OADC Enrichment (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) and 0.05% Tween 80, followed by filter sterilization through a GA-6 0.45-,um membrane filter (Gelman Sciences, Inc., Ann Arbor, Mich.). < The mycobacteria were grown in 7H10 broth at 37°C on a rotary shaker and subcultured 3 days before use. The cultures were diluted in 7H10 broth to yield 5 Klett units per ml (KlettSummerson colorimeter, Klett Manufacturing, Brooklyn, NY). These were used to inoculate 7H10 broth containing the following concentration (micrograms per milliliter) of drug(s): amoxicillin, 8; amoxicillin, 4; amoxicillin 2; clavulanic acid, 8; clavulanic acid, 4; amoxicillin, 8, and clavulanic acid, 4; amoxicillin, 4, and clavulanic acid, 2; amoxicillin, 2, and clavulanic acid, 1; amoxicillin, 1, and clavulanic acid, 0.5; and amoxicillin, 0.5, and clavulanic acid, 0.25. A control tube without any drug was run for each mycobacterial strain. The titers of the mycobacteria were determined in duplicate on 7H10 agar plates (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.). The final concentration of organisms was 0.1 Klett unit per ml, or about 5 x 104 CFU/ml (range, 1 x 104 to 7.7 x 104 CFU/ml).The optical density at 550 nm (OD550) of the above suspensions was determined with a Spectrophotometer Modernization System model 252 (Gilford Instrument Laboratories, Inc., Oberlin, Ohio) of a DU spectrophotometer (Beckman Instruments, Inc., Fullerton, Calif.). The OD550 of the inoculated tubes was not measurably different fr...

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“…Myco-bacterium tuberculosis produces -lactamases. The -lactamase(s) of M. tuberculosis display both penicillinase and cephalosporinase activities (19,20,21). Based on the sequence of the encoding gene, thelactamase from a reference strain of M. tuberculosis (H37Ra) was classified as a class A (22) which includes different subgroups of 2b -lactamases with different properties (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-tuberculosis activity of -lactam antibiotics: prospects for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis

Abate¹

2000

Ethiopian Journal of Health Development

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a global problem and the spread of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) TB, defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, is a formidable challenge for control programs. There are no widely accepted standard regimens for the treatment of MDR-TB.However, a considerable proportion of cases can be cured with a regimen containing both first-line and second-line drugs. In order to prevent the development of resistance to drugs already in use and also to try to develop a standard regimen, there is need to look for new drugs. This review is prepared to show results on the anti-TB activity of -lactam antibiotics. -Lactams are among the oldest drugs with little or no side effects. Both in vitro studies and clinical data indicate that -lactams have a promising activity for use in the management of MDR-TB. More studies are required to define the interaction of -lactams with other first-line and second-line drugs, and to clearly show the clinical usefulness in the management of MDR-TB.

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β-Lactamase activity in slow-growing nonpigmented mycobacteria and their sensitivity to certain β-lactam antibiotics

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Drug Resistance Mechanisms, and Therapy of Infections with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Drug Resistance Mechanisms, and Therapy of Infections with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

In vitro activity of amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Anti-tuberculosis activity of -lactam antibiotics: prospects for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis

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