β-Lactamase Sensitive Probe for Rapid Detection of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria with Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

β-Lactamase (Bla) produced by bacteria to resist β-lactam antibiotics is a serious public health threat. Developing efficient diagnostic protocols for drug-resistant bacteria is of great significance. In this work, based on gas molecules in bacteria, a novel research strategy was proposed to develop a gas molecule-based probe by grafting 2-methyl-3-mercaptofuran (MF) onto cephalosporin intermediates via a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The probe can release the corresponding MF by reacting with Bla. The released MF, as a marker of drug-resistant bacteria, was analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The Bla concentration as low as 0.2 nM can be easily observed, providing an efficient method for detecting enzyme activity and screening drug-resistant strains in vivo. Importantly, the method is universal, and probes with different properties can be prepared by changing different substrates to further identify different types of bacteria, thereby broadening the research methods and ideas for monitoring physiological processes.

A Europium Metal–Organic Framework and Its Polymer Composite Membrane as Switch-Off Fluorescence Sensors for Antibiotic Detection in Lake Water

“…The serious antibiotic residues in both aquatic products and domestic water cause many detrimental impacts on environmental safety and human health. A lot of efforts have been exerted in searching for a facile detection method for antibiotic residues, thus to manage the overuse of antibiotics. − Up to days, many detection methods are reported, for example, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS), LC with UV detection (LC–UV), mass spectrometry (MS), ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), − enzyme immunoassay, capillary electrophoresis, and radioimmunoassay. − Enzyme immunoassay features low cost and rapidness in the initial screening detection of tetracycline (TC) and tylosin in surface water and groundwater, whose limits of detections (LODs) reach 0.05 and 0.1 μg/L. However, these aforementioned methods require expensive instruments and consumptive and complicated sample preparation, resulting in high cost, time consumption, and inconvenience.…”

Pretreatment-Free Dual-Excitation Three-Mode Detection of β-Lactamase in Milk and Bacteria by Cr3+-Doped ZnAl2O4 Phosphors

“…Antibiotics have been widely used for the therapy of various diseases of bacterial infection, − but the overuse of antibiotics has brought the negative effect of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. − The most common mechanism of antibiotic resistance of bacteria is to produce β-lactamase, ,− which cleaves the β-lactam ring and thus inactivates the antibacterial activity of the antibiotics. , In addition, β-lactamase is illegally added to contaminated milk to cover up β-lactam antibiotic residues. − Consequently, the rapid and accurate detection of β-lactamase is of paramount significance for customized treatments and food safety.…”