β-mannanase supplementation in diets reduced in 85 kcal metabolizable energy/kg containing xylanase-phytase improves gain to feed ratio, nutrient usage, and backfat thickness in finisher pigs

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effects of β-mannanase supplementation in metabolizable energy (ME)-reduced diets containing xylanase-phytase on performance, fecal score, blood biochemical and immunological profile, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), digesta passage rate, fecal microbiome, carcass traits and meat quality in finisher pigs (n = 40 entire male hybrid, 26.0 ± 0.9 kg) randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments: a control diet containing isolated phytase and xylanase valued at 40 kcal of ME/kg (CD0), CD0 + β-mannanase (0.3 g/kg valued at 30 kcal of ME/kg) (CD70), CD0 + β-mannanase (0.3 g/kg valued at 45 kcal of ME/kg) (CD85), and CD0 + β-mannanase (0.3 g/kg valued at 60 kcal of ME/kg) (CD100), with 10 pen replicates. Pigs fed CD0 diet showed (P = 0.002) greater ADFI. However, pigs fed CD0 diet showed (P = 0.009) lower G:F than those provided CD70 or CD85 diets. A greater (P < 0.001) superoxide dismutase concentration was observed in pigs fed CD70 diet. Pigs fed CD85 diet showed (P = 0.002) greater digestible protein than pigs fed CD0 or CD100 diets. Pigs fed CD70 diet showed an increase of 11.3% in digestible protein than those fed CD0 diet. In addition, greater (P < 0.001) digestible energy was observed in pigs fed CD85 diet. Pigs fed CD0 or CD100 diets showed greater (P < 0.05) Firmicutes:Bacteroidota ratio than those fed CD85 diet. The Muribaculaceae was more abundant (P = 0.030) in pigs fed CD70 diet than in those fed CD0 diet. The Prevotella was more abundant (P = 0.045) in pigs fed CD85 diet than in those fed CD100 diet. In conclusion, β-mannanase supplementation in diets containing xylanase-phytase allows reducing 85 kcal of ME/kg because it improves gain to feed ratio, energy and protein usage, and backfat thickness without metabolic and intestinal ecosystem disorders in finisher pigs.

β-mannanase supplemented in diets saved 85 kcal of metabolizable energy/kg, supporting performance, improving nutrient digestibility and fecal microbiome in pigs

“…The assessment was performed through partial collection of feces at the end of the growth phases, following the procedures for determining fecal score 39 . Prior to the beginning of collection, the pens were cleaned (08h00) and the animals were monitored for 12 h uninterrupted.…”

“…The animals were weighed, identi ed with numbered ear tags, and housed in a masonry facility with ceramic tiles, with fully compacted oor pens (6.34 m²), arranged in two rows, divided by a central corridor, as described by Genova et al 39 . All pens were equipped with a semi-automatic feeder located in the front and a drinking fountain.…”

“…The diets were formulated based on ground corn and soybean meal, supplemented with industrial amino acids following the nutritional requirements proposed by Rostagno et al 1 (Table 4). All diets were provided in the meal form, ad libitum and were isonutritional with variations only in the content of soybean oil and inert (kaolin), as described by Genova et al 39 .…”

“…The enzymes tested were as described in Genova et al 39 . Xylanase (Sunhy Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, HB, China; registration no.…”

“…The indicator insoluble acid ash (IAA, celite®) was added dietary treatments (10 g/kg diet) at the end of growth II phase (on day 42) to assess ATTD by partial collection of feces 44 . The diets containing the indicator were homogenized for 10 min using a vertical mixer, as performed previously 39 . Then, these diets were fed for three days before the beginning of collection.…”