γ Interferon induced by S. aureus protein A augments natural killing and  ADCC

Catàlona, William J.; Ratliff, Timothy L.; McCool, Robert E.

doi:10.1038/291077a0

Cited by 103 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Normal healthy cats injected with staphylococcal protein A showed moderate transient increases of interferon but no detectable cytotoxic antibodies to FL-74 cells. These data suggest that interferon and cytotoxic antibody may play important, possibly complementary roles in inducing remission of leukemia and loss of viremia in cats treated with staphylococcal protein A.Remission of leukemia-lymphoma associated with disappearance of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) (4,5), IFN activity and complementdependent cytotoxic antibody were studied in sera of several cats that had been injected i.p. with SPA.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Remission of leukemia and loss of feline leukemia virus in cats injected with Staphylococcus protein A: association with increased circulating interferon and complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody.

Liu¹,

Good²,

Trang³

et al. 1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We have injected purified Staphylococcus aureus protein A intraperitoneally into leukemic cats infected with feline leukemia virus, into cats persistently infected with feline leukemia virus but without hematologic or cytologic abnormalities, and into healthy cats without feline leukemia virus infection. Pre-and post-treatment serum samples were evaluated sequentially for interferon activity and for complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody. Our results indicate that serum interferon increased dramatically (<3 to 324 units/ml) during treatment only in cats that responded to staphylococcal protein A therapy. Increase of interferon preceded or was closely associated with increasing levels of cytotoxic antibody, loss of viremia, and correction of cytological and hematological abnormalities of three leukemic cats. The cytotoxic antibody was shown to be specific for envelope glycoprotein gp7O of the feline leukemia virus. One persistently feline leukemia virus-infected cat without leukemia that became nonviremic also developed high levels of interferon and specific cytotoxic antibody. By contrast, interferon levels of cats not responding to treatment had levels of <3 to 27 units/ml. Normal healthy cats injected with staphylococcal protein A showed moderate transient increases of interferon but no detectable cytotoxic antibodies to FL-74 cells. These data suggest that interferon and cytotoxic antibody may play important, possibly complementary roles in inducing remission of leukemia and loss of viremia in cats treated with staphylococcal protein A.Remission of leukemia-lymphoma associated with disappearance of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) (4,5), IFN activity and complementdependent cytotoxic antibody were studied in sera of several cats that had been injected i.p. with SPA. It will be shown that regression of malignancy and loss of evidence of virus infection occurred in cats that experienced first an increase in IFN that was followed by appearance and usually progressive increase of a complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody directed against a virus-infected feline lymphoma cell line. MATERIAL AND METHODSAnimals. Pet cats were selected for treatment by ex vivo immunoadsorption (2, 3) or by injection with purified SPA (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden). The SPA injections were given i.p. (20 pug/2.75 kg of body weight) twice weekly for 10-12 weeks. Bone marrow and peripheral blood smears were evaluated prior to treatments and after every 10th treatment. FeLV status was determined biweekly by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) (6) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as described (2). Pre-and posttreatment serum samples were stored at -70'C until assayed for IFN and cytotoxic antibody.Feline IFN Assay. Feline IFN was assayed by a modification of the microplaque reduction method (7), using approximately 40 plaque-forming units (pfu) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) per well on FFC-9 cells (fetal cat fibroblast cell line kindly provided by N. C. Pedersen, University of California, Davis). An IFN concen...

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confidence: 99%

“…injections of SPA. Since SPA induces y interferon (IFNy) in vitro (4,5), IFN activity and complementdependent cytotoxic antibody were studied in sera of several cats that had been injected i.p. with SPA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remission of leukemia and loss of feline leukemia virus in cats injected with Staphylococcus protein A: association with increased circulating interferon and complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody.

Liu¹,

Good²,

Trang³

et al. 1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…This minimal leakage might not be serious in IgG separation followed by further physiochemical measurements, but cannot be neglected if these fractions are used for lymphocyte-containing cultures. SpA is a potent mitogen for human adult T-and non-T-lymphocyte populations [11] and can induce the production of gamma-interferon in human peripheral blood lymphocytes [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro adsorption of colon cancer sera over staphylococcus protein a: lymphocyte stimulation by leakage of adsorbance

Schuff‐Werner

Bätge

et al. 1987

Klin Wochenschr

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Serum factors may be responsible for reduced host-anti-tumor defence. Although there is still confusion about their origin, attempts have been made to immobilize serum components by Protein A columns as a therapeutic modality. In our study the in vitro adsorption of 90% of the IgG from cancer sera on "immobilized protein A" did not influence the inhibitory serum activity as measured in a mixed lymphocyte culture. Therefore, IgG or immune complexes do not seem to be the suppressive serum factor in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. There is evidence for leakage of small amounts of protein A from the columns which have immunostimulatory activity. Perhaps this may explain necrosis after a therapeutic immunoadsorption.

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“…Although one previous study examined an SCCL cell line (OAT) and found it to be weakly susceptible to NK lysis [26], the characteristics of this cell line and its relation to SCCL have not been clearly estabhshed. [5,8,9,13,34]. In our experiments, stimulation of effector cells from different donors with rIFNy led to a variable increase in the ability of these cells to lyse SCCL cells.…”

Section: Pretreatment Of Target Cells With Rlfnymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…(100 units/ml) for 18 h Numbers shown are averages of % lysis at varying E:T ratios using rIFNy-activated effector cells pooling data from 4 experiments and from triplicate experimental values in all cases. The number in parentheses is the standard error [5,8,9,13,16,20,21,31,32,34]. In this study, we have found that selected cell lines representative of SCCL are susceptible to lysis by mononuclear cells.…”

Section: Pretreatment Of Target Cells With Rlfnymentioning

confidence: 96%

Lysis of small cell carcinoma of the lung tumor cell lines by gamma interferon-activated allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells: abrogation of killing by pretreatment of tumor cells with gamma interferon

Ball

Nichols

Pettengill

et al. 1986

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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Interferon has been shown to enhance the ability of nonspecific cytotoxic mononuclear cells to lyse some, but not all, tumor cells. We have examined the effect of recombinant human gamma interferon (rIFN gamma) on the cell-mediated cytolysis of tumor target cells derived from continuously cultured lines of small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL). Cells from the SCCL lines DMS 44, 53, 79, 92, and 406 were labeled with 51Cr and incubated with normal and rIFN gamma-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 18 h at 37 degrees C and tumor cell lysis estimated by measuring 51Cr release. Although cells from certain SCCL lines were good targets for cell mediated cytotoxicity, susceptibility to lysis was heterogeneous among the different SCCL lines. DMS 406 and 79 were, on average, maximally lysed, while DMS 44, 53, and 92 showed less susceptibility to lysis by either control or rIFN gamma-stimulated effector cells. In addition, although pretreatment with rIFN gamma increased the cytolytic capacity of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells from several different donors, preincubation of the tumor cell lines with rIFN gamma resulted in inhibition of cytolysis mediated by both control and IFN-activated effector cells. These findings suggest that although rIFN gamma may enhance cell-mediated lysis of SCCL tumor cells, it may also decrease susceptibility to lysis.

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γ Interferon induced by S. aureus protein A augments natural killing and ADCC

Cited by 103 publications

References 14 publications

Remission of leukemia and loss of feline leukemia virus in cats injected with Staphylococcus protein A: association with increased circulating interferon and complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody.

Remission of leukemia and loss of feline leukemia virus in cats injected with Staphylococcus protein A: association with increased circulating interferon and complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody.

In vitro adsorption of colon cancer sera over staphylococcus protein a: lymphocyte stimulation by leakage of adsorbance

Lysis of small cell carcinoma of the lung tumor cell lines by gamma interferon-activated allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells: abrogation of killing by pretreatment of tumor cells with gamma interferon

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