ω20-Hydroxy and ω9,ω10-dihydroxy biomarker lipids in ferns from the Salviniaceae family

Nierop, Klaas G.J.; Brouwer, Paul; Dekker, R.; Schluepmann, Henriette; Reichart, Gert‐Jan

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.09.014

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The mat structure and biochemical content, we expect therefore, have been selected for the ferns' after-life traits that facilitate re-establishment of generations of ferns. Analysis of the lipids and waxes in Azolla ferns reveals that they not only are characteristic but particularly abundant in hydrophobic very long chains (Nierop et al 2018) which promotes buoyancy. Moreover, the very-long-chain lipids and waxes are recalcitrant to biodegradation since they are found in the fossil sediment layers dating from the Eocene Azolla (Speelman et al 2009).…”

Section: Controlling the Symbiosis Life Cycle For Strain Storage And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestication of the Floating Fern Symbiosis Azolla

Schluepmann

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et al. 2022

Ferns

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Ferns from the Azolla genus are highly productive without nitrogen fertilizer because filamentous cyanobacteria, Nostoc azollae, associated with the shoot stem cells, invade leaf cavities for N 2 fixation and reproductive structures for generational transfer. Previously used as nitrogen biofertilizer, their domestication is now considered for circular economy including the sustainable production of plant protein. The symbiosis recently transgressed into molecular research. Sequences from metagenomes of several species are available to study the contribution of the microbiome components to the symbiosis traits. A first assembly and annotation of the reference genome A. filiculoides was released; it allowed reconstruction of tannin biosynthesis, which determines Azolla biomass quality as a feed. Here, we begin with describing novel research areas required to integrate agrosystem development with domestication. We next describe first achievements to control the life cycle of the symbiosis in relation to dissemination, storage, and pre-breeding. We then identify key traits of the symbiosis that will need to be considered to achieve yield stability and discuss these traits with the little mechanistic insight available thus far. We conclude that for rapid breeding, the next vital development will be genome editing of fern host and cyanobacterial symbiont and describe our first steps toward this end.

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Section: Controlling the Symbiosis Life Cycle For Strain Storage And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%