Ветровой Режим Юго-Востока Западно-Сибирской Равнины Как Фактор Риска Развития Дефляции Почв В Агроландшафтах (На Примере Юга Томской Области)

Abstract

The article analyzes in detail the wind regime of the cold period of the year (October-April) and assesses the deflationary danger of soils in the southern part of the Tomsk Oblast. The source materials were historicalgeographical, cartographic, literary sources, wind speed data for the cold period of the weather stations Tomsk (1965-2017), Pervomayskoye (1965-2015 located in the subtaiga zone, and Bakchar in ИЗВЕСТИЯ РАН. СЕРИЯ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ том 85 № 4 2021 ВЕТРОВОЙ РЕЖИМ ЮГО-ВОСТОКА ЗАПАДНО-СИБИРСКОЙ РАВНИНЫ 537the southern taiga subzone. For the key section (20 km to the south-east of Tomsk), were used data from observations of the Tomsk aerometric station (AMSC Tomsk), located among agricultural land in an open area . Hourly data on wind speed and direction were analyzed for 2006-2015. Soil resistance to wind erosion is calculated according to the dependence proposed by M.E. Belgibaev. The ratio of the percentage composition of physical clay (less than 0.01 mm) and physical sand (0.01-1.0 mm) was proposed to be called the deflationary hazard indicator (DHI). This indicator is determined for the upper soil horizons (0-10 and 10-20 cm). The value of the DHI is distributed as follows: 0-0.3, very much pliable; 0.3-0.6, very pliable; 0.6-1.2, moderately pliable; 1.2-2.0 or more, slightly pliable. Soil deflation occurs unevenly in time and space and is cyclical in nature from 1-2 to 5-6 years. In the snow layer, up to 824-1848 g/m2 of aeolian particles accumulate during the years of active manifestation (2012). Deflation is most intense in the cold period of the year in the little-snowy winter during blowing snow. In addition, the process develops unevenly due to the influence of the meso-and micro-relief of arable land. Aeolian deposits in the snow layer are closely related to the soils of the region, the humus content reaches in them 5.1%.

Геохимические Аспекты Ветровой Эрозии Почв В Агроландшафтах Бассейна Р. Басандайка (Юго-Восток Томской Области)

“…Подробно изучены процессы залегания снежного покрова, рассмотрены характеристики ветрового режима и оценена податливость почв к ветровым нагрузкам, также проведена оценка интенсивности осаждения эолового осадка на высоте 2 м над поверхностью земли, в толще снега и на его поверхности и др. [3,4]. Тем не менее остались до конца нерешенными вопросы, связанные с источниками поступления в эоловые осадки ряда химических элементов в течение разных периодов, т.е.…”