Видова Характеристика Епізоотії Сказу В Україні За 2011–2016 Рр.

Abstract

The article presents analysis of dynamics of the animal rabies incidence and characteristics of rabies epizootic situation for the animal species in Ukraine from 2011–2016. We analyzed the laboratory research expertise, reports of regional departments of Veterinary Medicine and the State Veterinary and Phytosanitary Service of Ukraine (now State Service of Ukraine on issues of food safety and consumer protection) for the period from 2011 to 2016, and the information that is presented in the Rabies Bulletin Europe. During this period in Ukraine registered 8807 cases of rabies among 17 animal species. Analysis of rabies cases indicates that the main reservoir of rabies virus among wild animals is foxes. Fox incidence rate ranged from 38.8% in 2014 to 31.2% in 2016 from total cases of rabies. Among domestic animals, the first place in the structure of the incidence of rabies is occupied cats, part of which is 25.9% in 2014 to 32.5% in 2016. In the second place are dogs, which account for 18% in 2012 to 23.5% in 2016 of the total number of animal rabies cases. Increased incidence of domestic animals, especially in cats and dogs, are the result of an incomplete rabies vaccination coverage and direct evidence of improper performance of the current "Instructions for measures to combat and prevent of rabies."

An Analysis of Rabies Incidence and Its Geographic Spread in the Buffer Area Among Orally Vaccinated Wildlife in Ukraine From 2012 to 2016

“…This may result in increased contacts with other foxes and livestock contributing to the spread of rabies. The high incidence reported in foxes in this study is consistent with other research (10–12, 15). The surveillance strategy in UA relies heavily on the reporting and sampling of hunted foxes rather than other strategies likely to be more effective (29).…”

“…These factors and others might have influenced an uneven and poorly effective distribution of the vaccine baits in the territory. In contrast, campaigns implemented in eastern Ukraine (Kharkiv, Sumy, Poltava, Luhansk, and Donetsk oblasts), which were conducted regularly, resulted in a noticeable decrease in the incidence of rabies cases, especially in the Poltava and Luhansk oblasts (6, 15). The State veterinary service in Ukraine is attempting to improve the efficacy of the vaccination campaigns.…”

“…However, the implementation of these campaigns was irregular with the exception of eastern Ukraine (i.e., in Kharkiv, Sumy, Poltava, Luhansk, and Donetsk oblasts) where the campaigns were implemented regularly. Upon conclusion of these campaigns, the number of rabies outbreaks decreased, especially in Poltava and Luhansk (6, 15).…”

Modelling the spread of rabies in ukraine

“…It should be noted that even domestic carnivores, which had a host in 80%, were not vaccinated against rabies (Mazur et al, 2017). Also, the high incidence among domestic carnivores, especially cats, indicates a lack of regulation of their number in cities and villages, as well as the lack of a proper number of routine vaccinations among animals of these species (Titarenko, 2019).…”