Властивості Вживаної Деревини Як Важливий Чинник Якості Конструкційних Матеріалів

Gayda, Serhiy; Kiyko, Orest

doi:10.15421/412135

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Вченим С.В. Гайдою запропоновано математичну модель розрахунку потенціалу та балансу ВЖД за походженням [8][9][10][11][12]. Встановлено, що середньозважений річний відсоток ВЖД від торгівельної мережі коливається в межах 14-16 %, будівництва -20-24 %, сировинних та деревообробних галузей -6-10 %, спожитих (старих) меблевих виробів -10-16 %, муніципальних відходів -16-18 %, твердих побутових відходів -16-22 %, інших надходжень -6-8 %.…”

Section: хімічна природа забруднювачів як основа класифікації виробів...unclassified

The chemical nature of pollutants as a basis for the classification of wood products to be utilization

Gayda,

Somar,

Sokolovskyy

2022

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The chemical composition of used wood - wood products to be disposed of - from the processing of raw materials and materials at various stages to the removal of finished products (consumer waste) from various economic facilities was analyzed. The composition and material of both natural and chemical pollutants used as wood preservatives are characterized and described. In detail research composition and material of pollutants of post-consumer wood, in particular on the basis of matters of defence of wood: antiafterglows, antiseptics, insecticides, fungicides, biogicides, fixing agent, complex preparations but other. Classification of including of post-consumer wood which includes mechanical and chemical contaminations is developed. The most dangerous matters, carcinogenic connections and toxic components which can be contained in post-consumer wood, are described, in particular, pentachlorphenol, lindan, permethrin, dichlordiphenyl-threechloretan (DDT), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), polichlorinated terphenyls (PCT), polibrominated biphenyls (PBB), polyvinilcloruro (PVC), butters on the basis of factions of coal resin (benzo(a)pyren) and connections which contain benzo(a)pyren but other, superficially active hydrocarbons (SAH). To propose the classification of used wood - wood products to be disposed of according to the degree of pollution, with a division into four groups of used wood, which are harmonized with international systems of classification of similar waste. The list of the most widespread arboreal wastes is systematized – post-consumer wood after groups, kinds, subspecieses, categories and kodas. Generalized list of dangerous components of wastes – components – chemical elements (arsenic, boron, cadmium, copper, mercury, lead, titanium, fluorine, chlorine, chromium, zinc but other) and their connections. Limitation for wood chips and shavings from common wood, which are used for the production of arboreal flags, is resulted. The criteria of classification of post-consumer wood (possible concentrations of harmful components) are offered for the different types of incineration.

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Section: хімічна природа забруднювачів як основа класифікації виробів...unclassified

The chemical nature of pollutants as a basis for the classification of wood products to be utilization

Gayda,

Somar,

Sokolovskyy

2022

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“…Прогрес в технології переробки деревини і деревинних матеpiалів у вироби висуває все нові проблеми застосування абразивної обробки не тільки для кінцевої механічної обробки деталей з метою підготовки поверхонь до наступної технологічної операції опорядження, але й для очищення поверхонь від забруднень. І це актуально для очищення та перероблення вживаної деревини [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: дослідження впливу породи та режимів шліфування на питому пр...unclassified

Дослідження Впливу Породи Та Режимів Шліфування На Питому Продуктивність Шліфувальної Шкурки

Gayda,

Petryshak,

Somar

2020

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It is investigated that wood species influences the indicators of grinding process: surface roughness, specific skin productivity, skin efficiency, cutting force, which in general also depend on the speed of cutting and feeding, pressing force, abrasive grain size. It is confirmed that the specific productivity of the skin during the grinding of spruce is higher by 14.25-18.77% than when processing oak wood. It is established that with the increase of the feed rate the height of the irregularities increases, as the thickness of the chips, which is removed by one active grain, increases. This is significant for tree species with lower density and hardness. It is investigated that with the increase of the feed rate during the treatment of the oak wood surface the specific productivity of the sanding skin increases by 24.62-31.40%, and in spruce – by 23.14-24.02%. It is established that with the increase of grinding time during the treatment of the oak wood surface the specific productivity of the skin decreases by 162.68-190.40%. and in spruce – by 114.29-176.09%. The specific productivity of the skin during the grinding of spruce is higher by 18.90-22.47% than when processing oak wood. It is confirmed that with increasing grain size of the abrasive, the purity of the polished surface deteriorates, ie the value of the roughness of the treated surface is directly proportional to the grain size of the abrasive. It was found that the presence of oils in spruce causes rapid salinization of the skin, ie to reduce its efficiency. It was found that the sequence of use of the positions of the skins help to increase the productivity of grinding and obtain the purity of the desired class. To carry out effective grinding to obtain a quality surface, the following input processing values are recommended: cutting speed 20-30 m / s; feed speed 6-8 m / min; specific clamping force 2.2-4.4 kPa; grain size of skins: P180-P150; P120-P100; P90-P60.

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“…Постановка проблеми. Одними з найдавніших і найбільш розповсюджених матеріалів для формування захисно-декоративних покриттів деревини та деревинно-похідних матеріалів є лаки [3][4][5][6]. У зв'язку з постійним розвитком хімічної промисловості, збільшується і асортимент основ-плівкоутворювачів, з яких можна виготовляти лаки [3].…”

Section: дослідження впливу кількісного вмісту та виду за-тверджувача...unclassified

“…: 032-238-45-04, +38-067-989-70-77. Email: jaroslav.biluy@nltu.edu.ua5 Горак Данило-Богдан Романович -інженер, тел. : +38-073-072-40-36.…”

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Research of the influence of quantitative content and type of hardener on the properties of water-emulsion varnishes of domestic production

Hrytsak,

Ilkiv,

Solonynka

et al. 2020

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In recent years, water-soluble, water-emulsion and other relatively environmentally friendly materials have become widespread. In the manufacture of products in enterprises, the consumer is less interested in the type of finishing material, but there is a direction associated with the finishing processes that directly affect the final consumer. This direction is the equipment of wooden floor coverings. Since most of these floor coverings are installed without finishing, they need further finishing directly on the installation site. Therefore, in order to reduce the negative impact on the health of the consumer, finishing works are carried out with acrylic, acrylic-polyurethane or polyurethane water-emulsion materials. Since the coatings formed by acrylic emulsions have low resistance to abrasion and water, they are mostly used for the manufacture of primers. Polyurethane or polyurethane-acrylic emulsions are used to make high-quality varnishes. It should be noted that in order to ensure high performance indicators, preference is given to two-component compositions which include a varnish-base and an isocyanate hardener. Most of the raw materials for manufacturing of two-component water-emulsion polyurethane varnishes are imported and quite expensive. Therefore, the urgent task is to establish the optimal ratio between its components. This is necessary to obtain cost-effective materials that will form h In recent years, water-soluble, water-emulsion and other relatively environmentally friendly materials have become widespread. In the manufacture of products in enterprises, the consumer is less interested in the type of finishing material, but there is a direction associated with the finishing processes that directly affect the final consumer. This direction is the equipment of wooden floor coverings. Since most of these floor coverings are installed without finishing, they need further finishing directly on the installation site. Therefore, in order to reduce the negative impact on the health of the consumer, finishing works are carried out with acrylic, acrylic-polyurethane or polyurethane water-emulsion materials. Since the coatings formed by acrylic emulsions have low resistance to abrasion and water, they are mostly used for the manufacture of primers. Polyurethane or polyurethane-acrylic emulsions are used to make high-quality varnishes. It should be noted that in order to ensure high performance indicators, preference is given to two-component compositions which include a varnish-base and an isocyanate hardener. Most of the raw materials for manufacturing of two-component water-emulsion polyurethane varnishes are imported and quite expensive. Therefore, the urgent task is to establish the optimal ratio between its components. This is necessary to obtain cost-effective materials that will form high-quality coatings. So, this paper presents the results of the first stage of research on the properties of two-component water-emulsion polyurethane varnishes, which are being developed by one of the Ukrainian enterprise. The results of research of hardness of the protective and decorative coverings formed by varnishes on the basis of polyurethane emulsions with addition of isocyanate hardeners are resulted. The dependence of technological parameters of varnish application on the type and quantitative content of isocyanate hardener is described. igh-quality coatings. So, this paper presents the results of the first stage of research on the properties of two-component water-emulsion polyurethane varnishes, which are being developed by one of the Ukrainian enterprise. The results of research of hardness of the protective and decorative coverings formed by varnishes on the basis of polyurethane emulsions with addition of isocyanate hardeners are resulted. The dependence of technological parameters of varnish application on the type and quantitative content of isocyanate hardener is described.

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Властивості Вживаної Деревини Як Важливий Чинник Якості Конструкційних Матеріалів

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

The chemical nature of pollutants as a basis for the classification of wood products to be utilization

The chemical nature of pollutants as a basis for the classification of wood products to be utilization

Дослідження Впливу Породи Та Режимів Шліфування На Питому Продуктивність Шліфувальної Шкурки

Research of the influence of quantitative content and type of hardener on the properties of water-emulsion varnishes of domestic production

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