The article examines the costs of pension insurance in Ukraine in terms of the social responsibility of the state. Traditional methods and techniques of economic analysis of economic activity are used: system analysis (for detailing and dismemberment of the research object into separate components); synthesis (for the purpose of summarizing various aspects of cost analysis by direction), analytical calculations (for the purpose of calculating the necessary indicators); comparison (in order to compare series of dynamics); grouping (in order to determine the dependence between indicators); average and relative values when analyzing the costs of a budget institution. An analysis of the state of pension insurance in Ukraine for 2017-2023 has been carried out. It has been proven that the reform of the pension system is already beginning to produce positive results, however, it continues to be insufficiently effective, as it significantly burdens the state budget of the country. It is emphasized that the pension system operating in Ukraine does not differ in social justice. It was determined that there is a violation of the very principles of insurance, which provokes the emergence of many benefits for a certain category of pensioners, while for the bulk of them, the amount of pension payments remains at a low level. It is substantiated that the ratio of the number of working persons and pensioners remains an equally important problem. So, for the pension system to function effectively, this ratio should be equal to 3:1, but on average there is one working person for one pensioner. It is argued that the state should take appropriate measures in the following directions: increasing the efficiency of the solidarity pension system; preparation of fertile ground for the final implementation and use of the accumulative pension system; overcoming the financial dependence of the Pension Fund of Ukraine on the State Budget.