Енергетика, Наука Та Інженерія: Сучасний Стан І Виклики Розвитку

Kyrylenko, O.V.; Снєжкін, Юрій Федорович; Басок, Б. І.; Базєєв, Євген Трифонович

doi:10.15407/visn2023.04.003

Visn. Nac. Akad. Nauk Ukr.

2023

DOI: 10.15407/visn2023.04.003

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Енергетика, Наука Та Інженерія: Сучасний Стан І Виклики Розвитку

O.V. Kyrylenko¹,

Юрій Федорович Снєжкін²,

Б. І. Басок³

et al.

Abstract: Наведено огляд проблем енергетики України, Європи і світу. Проаналізовано виклики і ризики, які внаслідок російської агресії постали перед соціально-економічною сферою країни, зокрема в галузі енергетики, а також перед академічною фундаментальною наукою. Підкреслено роль науки як інтелектуальної основи соціально-економічної, політичної і воєнної могутності держави. Зазначено, що в Інституті технічної теплофізики НАН України розвивається новий науковий напрям — фундаментальна енергетична інженерія. Розглянуто г… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

(2 reference statements)

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Hydrogen Power and Not Only: "Pro" and "Contra"

Basok,

Baseyev,

Kostogryz

et al. 2024

Energ. Tech. & Res. Sav.

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The increase in global temperature caused by global climate warming is considered. Open data on Ukraine’s energy strategy until 2050, in particular on the production and use of natural gas and hydrogen, are provided. The results of the energy efficiency of the production of primary energy resources are presented, including main renewable energy sources. The relevance of the problem of production and use of hydrogen as a significant renewable source of reducing greenhouse emissions and increasing energy security is presented. The indicators and their critical indicators for the stability and stability of the terrestrial system of the socio-ecological state of the planet Earth are presented — the so-called planetary boundaries of sustainability, it is emphasized that not only climate change, but also the extinction of biodiversity is critical for life. In response to the latter, the main points of the Kunming-Montreal UN Global Framework Program until 2030 in the field of biodiversity are outlined, the main goal of which is to return the biosphere to recovery. Based on this year’s materials of the International Energy Agency, we will generally consider the global state of hydrogen issues from the point of view of the strategy for the development of production, distribution and final use of renewable hydrogen. Some environmental and energy characteristics of electrolytic hydrogen production are presented. Recommendations for the prospects of hydrogen use are given. Bibl. 34, Fig. 7, Tab. 2.

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Hydrogen Power and Not Only: "Pro" and "Contra"

Basok,

Baseyev,

Kostogryz

et al. 2024

Energ. Tech. & Res. Sav.

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Reduced Heat Loss Through Window Structures

Basok,

Davydenko,

Pavlenko

et al. 2023

Energ. Tech. & Res. Sav.

Self Cite

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The results of theoretical and experimental studies of heat transfer through the window structures of the building are presented, the thermal characteristics of the windows are established and the level of heat loss realized through them is estimated. To determine the heat transfer resistance of two-chamber double-glazed units, numerical modeling of radiative-convective heat transfer is performed, taking into account the thermal conductivity of the gas layer between the glasses. Natural free convection of the gaseous medium in the double-glazed chambers occurs as a result of the temperature difference between the side glass surfaces of the chamber. Modeling is performed by numerically solving the system of fluid dynamics and energy equations for the air layer and glass. On the inner surfaces of the chambers, conditions of the fourth kind are set, which take into account the radiation and conductive components of the total heat flow coming from the glass surface. The results of simulation of heat transfer through double-glazed windows with ordinary glass indicate that about 60 % of heat is transferred by radiation. Therefore, an effective measure to reduce heat loss through windows is to reduce the radiation component of the total heat flow by applying a low-emissivity coating to the inner surfaces of the glass unit. This makes it possible to reduce the total heat flow (and, accordingly, heat loss to the environment) by 20–34 %, depending on the number of glass surfaces with this coating. Conducted independent experimental studies confirm the modeling results. In order to comply with the current requirements of state building regulations and to achieve the energy efficiency class of type C buildings (specific heat consumption for heating 1 sq. m of usable area is less than 75 kWh), for the climatic conditions of Kyiv, it is recommended to use double-chamber windows with two low-emission coatings with the formula of the glass unit: 4M1-10-i4M1-10-i4M1. Bibl. 22, Fig. 8.

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Stimulation of Smart Energy Systems Development

Zaloznova,

Serdiuk

2024

HESU

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Today, the energy system of Ukraine is in a state of crisis. Thermal generation is almost completely destroyed, hydropower facilities have suffered significant damage, and outdated nuclear power units are unable to cover the electricity deficit. This affects the cost of production of domestic products, as entrepreneurs are forced to spend additional funds on the purchase and maintenance of alternative, more expensive to operate power plants. Similar measures are also taken by the owners of retail trade enterprises, which in aggregate leads to an increase in the price of consumer goods and, as a result, an increase in inflation. As of May 2024, the cost of restoration of Ukraine’s energy system is estimated at approximately $50 billion. However, attracting such a large amount of funds in the form of private investments seems unlikely given, firstly, the risks associated with hostilities, and secondly, the obsolescence of the infrastructure and technologies of electricity generation. Unlike the processes of energy modernization, the first factor cannot be influenced by economic policy, and therefore the competence of economic science remains only the question of stimulating the development of innovations in the field of energy. If this task is successfully implemented, the economic benefits from the operation of high-tech enterprises may outweigh the risks associated with hostilities, and therefore the importance of this factor will be reduced. In modern terminology, high-tech enterprises that systematically use digital technologies in their activities are called “smart enterprises”. In the context of energy, this is manifested in the wide application of digital technologies for the purpose of optimizing the processes of energy generation, distribution and consumption of electricity. The use of such an approach makes it possible to minimize production and operational costs, which positively affects the investment attractiveness of construction projects and the development of smart enterprises. At the same time, the digitalization of production processes creates the potential for the use of digital tools to stimulate the development of this type of activity.

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Енергетика, Наука Та Інженерія: Сучасний Стан І Виклики Розвитку

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Hydrogen Power and Not Only: "Pro" and "Contra"

Hydrogen Power and Not Only: "Pro" and "Contra"

Reduced Heat Loss Through Window Structures

Stimulation of Smart Energy Systems Development

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