Конституціональна Затримка Росту І Пубертату У Хлопчиків: Огляд Літератури

Grossman, A; Ismailov, S.I.; Kulmirzayeva, M.G.; Urmanova, Yu.М.; Gilazitdinov, K.N.

doi:10.22141/2224-0721.15.5.2019.180045

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Урманова, К.Н. Гилязитдинов [10]. При этом у детей может быть выявлено недоразвитие и различные деформации костной ткани, укорочение и удлинение конечностей, патологическое состояние связочного аппарата и суставов.…”

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Determining the Total Number of Endocrine Disorders Among Children With Speech Disorders: Social and Dispatching Work

Zinin¹

2020

Development of education

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The article is devoted to determining the total number of endocrine disorders of the thyroid gland among children with speech disorders based on medical ultrasound data. The author of the article outlines that due to the fact that the prevalence of speech disorders is 100% among children with hypothyroidism, the following question deserves attention: “How many endocrine disorders can occur in children with speech disorders?”. Methods of research. Within the framework of the social and dispatching work of specialists of the psychological-medical-pedagogical commission, the referral of children with speech disorders to a medical ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland was organized. At the same time, none of the children had previously been examined by an endocrinologist or received appropriate treatment. The first group of children attended speech therapy classes at the Center for Psychological and Pedagogical Rehabilitation and Correction in Nizhneudinsk in the 2013-2014 academic year. The second group of children attended preschool educational institution №208 in the 2016-2017 academic year. The study allowed to draw the following key conclusions: in children with speech disorders in 40% of cases do have previously undetected endocrine disorders that deserve close attention and study by medical professionals, both of primary health care institution (Institute of Pediatrics) and pediatric endocrinologists; 29% of children with speech disorders potentially need the help of an endocrinologist. The algorithm for sending parents of children with speech disorders to consult medical specialists, whose help the child may need is presented in the article. The results of the study may be of interest to a wide range of medical and pedagogical specialists working in the system of school psychological and pedagogical councils, central and territorial psychological and medical and pedagogical commissions in the current conditions of the Federal State Educational Standards (FSES) implementation.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Determining the Total Number of Endocrine Disorders Among Children With Speech Disorders: Social and Dispatching Work

Zinin¹

2020

Development of education

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Magnetic resonance imaging in assessing the condition of the pituitary gland in children with growth retardation

Finota

2024

Digital Diagnostics

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BACKGROUND: The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that plays a crucial role in the regulation of metabolism, physical and sexual development. Modern medical imaging techniques allow the study of changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary region in children with low physical development [1–3]. AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the state of the hypothalamic-pituitary region in children with different forms of nanism using magnetic resonance imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 102 boys and 96 girls with complaints of growth retardation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with targeted studies of the pituitary region of children and adolescents aged 8–15 years was studied. Using a high-field magnetic resonance imager, the brain was scanned in the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes using standard modes and targeted examination of the pituitary region using T1- and T2-weighted pulse sequences with a slice thickness of 2.0 mm. Inclusions in the pituitary gland requiring differential diagnosis betwe en adenoma and Rathke’s cleft cyst were imaged with intravenous contrast. The physical development of the children was evaluated using the AntroPlus computer program. The significance of differences between groups was determined by the confidence interval; differences were considered significant at p 0.05. RESULTS: Analysis of the obtained data shows that 92.0% of children and adolescents with idiopathic stunting have a standard deviation of growth from –2.0 to –3.0. In these children, hypoplasia of the pituitary gland was found in 36.4% of cases, residual structures of Rathke's cleft cyst in 16.5%, and inactive pituitary adenoma in 4.2%. Normal structure of the pituitary gland was found in the remaining children. In the group of patients with growth hormone deficiency, children with standard deviation of growth coefficient from –3.0 to –4.0 are more frequent (52.6% of patients), and 31.4% of boys and girls have growth retardation more than –4 σ. In these children, in addition to hypothalamic-pituitary masses and hypoplasia of the adenohypophysis, magnetic resonance imaging revealed in 26.7% of cases (including 83.4% of boys and 16.6% of girls) an abnormality of pituitary development in the form of a triad: hypoplasia of the adenohypophysis, shortened pituitary pedicle, and ectopia of the neurohypophysis. In the group of patients with growth retardation due to the presence of hereditary syndromes, 32.7% of those studied had a coefficient of standard deviation of growth between –2.0 and –3.0, and 33.4% had a coefficient of standard deviation of growth between –3.0 and –4.0. In children with more severe growth retardation, magnetic resonance signs of empty sella (22.6%) and hypoplasia of the pituitary gland (34.8%) were more frequently visualized. CONCLUSIONS: Magnetic resonance imaging is the primary method for evaluating the pituitary gland [4]. Children with idiopathic stunting exhibit a coefficient of standard deviation of growth that is 5.4 times less frequent than that observed in boys and girls from other groups. In the group of children with growth hormone deficiency, the coefficient of standard deviation from –3.0 to –4.0 is 1.6 times more frequent than in those with hereditary syndromes. One-third of children with pituitary stunting who exhibited a growth deficit greater than –4 σ exhibited a pituitary developmental anomaly in the form of a triad (hypoplasia of the adenohypophysis, shortening of the pituitary gyrus, and ectopia of the neurohypophysis). In contrast, no such anomaly was found in the other groups. The coefficient of standard deviation of growth greater than –4 was found in single cases.

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Конституціональна Затримка Росту І Пубертату У Хлопчиків: Огляд Літератури

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Determining the Total Number of Endocrine Disorders Among Children With Speech Disorders: Social and Dispatching Work

Determining the Total Number of Endocrine Disorders Among Children With Speech Disorders: Social and Dispatching Work

Magnetic resonance imaging in assessing the condition of the pituitary gland in children with growth retardation

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