The article studies the evolution of capital concentration concepts, starting from the classical approaches inherent in traditional economics to modern digital economic systems. The author analyzes the main changes in approaches to capital concentration that have occurred under the influence of technological innovations, globalization, and the development of information technology. An interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of capital concentration concepts is applied, which allows taking into account the impact of economic, social and technological transformations. It is substantiated that capital concentration is a fundamental process that determines the structure and functioning of economic systems at different stages of their development. The article identifies the main approaches to assessing capital concentration in the context of socio-economic transformations. It is determined that the change in capital concentration paradigms requires new approaches to regulation and public policy that take into account the specifics of the digital economy. The impact of digital platforms on capital concentration is analyzed. The author identifies the current challenges and opportunities arising in the context of digitalization of the economy and outlines the future development of capital concentration concepts. Particular attention is paid to the development of a conceptual matrix that reflects the relationships between the main institutional factors that affect capital concentration. Proven the necessity of revising traditional economic paradigms in the context of digital transformation and forming a competitive policy in the field of capital concentration in order to ensure sustainable economic development and social justice. The article systematizes theoretical and methodological approaches to the analysis of capital concentration, which can serve as a theoretical and methodological basis for further research.