Модель Надежности Отказоустойчивого Кластера С Миграцией Виртуальных Машин

Abstract

Ensuring high reliability, fault tolerance and computing process continuity of computer systems is supported by clustering computing resources. It is based on the virtualization technology as a result of moving virtual resources, services, or appli cations between physical servers with the support of computing process continuity.The object of study is a fault-tolerant cluster, which in the simplest case consists of two physical servers (primary and backup) connected through a switch. Each server has a local hard disk. Server local disks have a distributed storage system with data synchronous replication from the source server to the backup server. The virtual machine is running on the cluster. The system involves running a shadow copy of the virtual machine on a backup server, which allows computational process implementation without interruption after the primary server fails to continue its implementation on the virtual machine backup server. Stationary and nonstationary availability coefficients are used as a reliability indicator.The paper proposes the Markov reliability model of a fault-tolerant cluster, which takes into account virtual machine migration costs, as well as mechanisms ensuring the continuity of the computing process (service) in cluster in case of one physical server failure. After migration, two copies of virtual machines located in different physical servers are supported in memory, so that in case of failure of one of them to continue working on the second one.There is a developed simplified model of a fault-tolerant cluster that ignores the costs of virtual machine migration when restoring a cluster. It gives an upper reliability evaluation. The paper shows the notable impact of the virtual machine migration process on the failover cluster reliability (measured by a non-stationary availability coefficient).The obtained results can be used to justify the choice of fault tolerance and continuity of the computing process of computer systems of cluster architecture.