Можливість Застосування Відходів Текстильних Волокон У Виробництві Деревинних Композиційних Матеріалів

Abstract

Wood composite materials (WCM) are one of the most common materials for the needs of the furniture industry, construction, aircraft, ship and wagon construction. The raw material for the manufacture of WCM is wood. Due to the annual increase in demand for wood raw materials and sparsely forested territory of Ukraine, we have a question about expanding the raw material base. The textile industry is working and developing intensively in Ukraine. Much of the textile waste is not widely used in practice. Most textile waste is thrown out, which requires additional material costs for garbage removal. In addition, textiles are an integral part of solid waste, which is not sorted and goes to landfills. That has negatively affects the environmental situation. Therefore, the question arose about the manufacture of DCM with partial replacement of wood raw materials for textile fibers. Sources of textile fibers are waste from the textile, clothing and knitwear industries, as well as secondary raw materials. The use of textile fibers in the production of WCM requires their previous preparation. Analysis of literature sources showed that it is advisable to use mechanical grinding methods for textile waste (methods of abrasion, impact and division into fiber). The introduction of additional operations in the technological process of manufacturing WCM (particleboard, fiberboard, OSB) with textile fibers is analyzed. The addition of textile fiber waste to various types of composite materials leads to the deterioration of physical and mechanical properties. However, some materials meet the requirements of the standard with minor replacement of wood particles by textile waste. But even such a small saving of wood resources is significant in volumes of production.