Нейроэндокринные Нарушения При COVID-19 И Постковидном Синдроме И Особенности Их Лечения Препаратами Гамма-Аминомасляной Кислоты (Обзор Литературы И Собственные Данные)

Abstract

The paper describes the basic pathogenic mechanisms of neuroendocrine disorders development in COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome. The lesions of the central nervous system included complaints about headache, often very intensive, undue fatiguability, “intellectual fog”, periodic faintness, changes in mental state and cognitive functions. The lesions of the peripheral nervous system manifest themselves in anosmia and hypogeusia, pain in muscles and cartilages, myofascial pain, pain similar to a neurologic one, skin hyperesthesia. The impaired endocrine status manifested itself in autoimmune thyroiditis with thyroid pathology, impaired tolerance to carbohydrates and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2), dysmenorrhea in females, and erectile dysfunction in males. The pathogenic changes of SARS-CoV-2 virus persistence cause chronic stress with hypothalamic dysfunction. Also, histological changes such as neuroglial imbalance were detected: regarding the close relationship of astrocytes and neurons, the metabolism imbalance in astrocytes results in neuron dysfunction that impacts the synaptic function of gamma-aminobutyric acid transmission. The optimization of the treatment of patients with COVID-19, post-COVID syndrome with neuroendocrine symptoms is of great relevance. Gamalate B6 is a gamma-aminobutyric acid containing medication with the best characteristics for these patients.