Організація Фізичної Підготовки В Різні Періоди Спортивного Тренування Біатлоністів

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that for biathlon, which is a seasonal sport, it is typical to carry out training based on annual macrocycles. Individual preparation differs in the duration of its individual stages, namely the periods, the number of main and preparatory competitions. The purpose of the study is to analyze the issues of managing the process of physical training of biathletes based on an analysis of literary sources Material and methods. The volume of scientific and methodological literature, dissertations, monographs and online sources on the research issue is investigated. The results of the study. As a result of the analysis of the literature, it was found that in the preparatory period, the main factors that ensure the development of athletes' physical readiness are “functional readiness”, “special endurance”, “special strength and technical preparedness” and “speed-strength preparedness. When developing an individual plan for training athletes, it is important to take into account the orientation of the training process into a separate mesocycle, the need to use such methods, namely: enhancing the development of basic qualities, increasing the level of athletes who are behind in physical training, and those who have an average level of development – it is necessary to improve in optimal mode. Key findings. The effectiveness of training, namely physical training in highly qualified biathletes in the annual cycle can be ensured provided that training sessions are created on the basis of model characteristics of competitive activity and physical fitness of biathletes, mainly to improve speed and strength endurance and increase the role of speed and strength training