Вісник проблем біології і медицини -2024 -Вип. 2 (173) / Bulletin of problems in biology and medicine -2024 -Issue 2 (173)
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МОРФОЛОГІЯ / MORPHOLOGYmuscle plasticity of the tibial cavity. Features of the innervation and blood supply of the triceps surae, the number of muscle branches, the levels of their departure from the nerves and arteries, and the levels of entry into the heads of this muscle were determined by the method of macromicroscopic preparation of the nerves and arterial vessels of the posterior tibial region on the right and left preparations of the lower limbs of 15 fetuses of 4-10 months and 5 corpses of people of both sexes in the second period of maturity. Special attention is paid to the topographical-anatomical relationship of nerves and arteries when they enter the triceps surae and the peculiarities of the intramuscular branching in the heads of the gastrocnemius and the soleus. The research was carried out taking into account bioethical principles and methodological recommendations for conducting scientific research. Loose and trunk types of intramuscular branching of arteries and nerves in the heads of the gastrocnemium muscle have been established. It was established that the innervation of the soleus is carried out by the tibial nerve, and its branches have different levels of departure. To replace defects on the inner and back surfaces of the upper half of the tibia, the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles are suitable, since nerves and vessels enter mainly in the area of their upper third. Depending on the size of the defect (cavity) of the tibial bone, it is possible to move either a part of the longitudinally dissected gastrocnemius or soleus muscle or the entire abdomen, separated from the tendon.Therefore, understanding the intramuscular distribution of nerves and arteries in the heads of the triceps surae can help in the development of rational methods for the production of flaps for myoplasty of tibial cavities.