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This article is devoted to the topical problem of the release into the atmosphere of mixtures of sulfur compounds from decommissioned facilities for the disposal of waste from the processing of sulfide ores of non-ferrous and noble metals. The purpose of the research was a hygienic study and forecast of atmospheric air pollution by volatile sulfur compounds emitted by decommissioned waste disposal facilities for processing sulfide ores of non-ferrous and precious metals, for information support of the system of medical and preventive technologies in mining regions. The objects of the study were two decommissioned tailing dumps of enterprises for the processing of gold ores. The assessment of the actual pollution of the surface layer of the atmosphere with dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbon disulfide, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide was carried out according to under-flare observations. Non-linear models given by second and third order polynomials were used to predict pollution levels. A theoretical analysis of the in ‑ formation presented in the scientific literature on the interaction of structural elements of natural and technical systems that make up the mechanism of atmospheric pollution at the post-operational stage of mining technogenesis has been carried out. Based on a systematic analysis of under-flare observations conducted in the areas of location of two tailings of gold ore production, lists of priority sulfur compounds to be controlled, distinctive features of zonal atmospheric pollution for different forms of terrain adjacent to the sources were identified, non-linear models of the distribution of concentrations of priority pollutants in the surface were constructed. layer of the atmosphere, allowing a probabilistic quantitative assessment of pollution halos and inhalation risks to public health. The scientific information obtained as a result of a comprehensive study is intended for information support of the system of medical and preventive technologies in mining regions.
This article is devoted to the topical problem of the release into the atmosphere of mixtures of sulfur compounds from decommissioned facilities for the disposal of waste from the processing of sulfide ores of non-ferrous and noble metals. The purpose of the research was a hygienic study and forecast of atmospheric air pollution by volatile sulfur compounds emitted by decommissioned waste disposal facilities for processing sulfide ores of non-ferrous and precious metals, for information support of the system of medical and preventive technologies in mining regions. The objects of the study were two decommissioned tailing dumps of enterprises for the processing of gold ores. The assessment of the actual pollution of the surface layer of the atmosphere with dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, carbon disulfide, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide was carried out according to under-flare observations. Non-linear models given by second and third order polynomials were used to predict pollution levels. A theoretical analysis of the in ‑ formation presented in the scientific literature on the interaction of structural elements of natural and technical systems that make up the mechanism of atmospheric pollution at the post-operational stage of mining technogenesis has been carried out. Based on a systematic analysis of under-flare observations conducted in the areas of location of two tailings of gold ore production, lists of priority sulfur compounds to be controlled, distinctive features of zonal atmospheric pollution for different forms of terrain adjacent to the sources were identified, non-linear models of the distribution of concentrations of priority pollutants in the surface were constructed. layer of the atmosphere, allowing a probabilistic quantitative assessment of pollution halos and inhalation risks to public health. The scientific information obtained as a result of a comprehensive study is intended for information support of the system of medical and preventive technologies in mining regions.
Отечественной экологической проблемой выступает неуклонный рост промышленных отходов. Масштаб угрозы для окружающей среды несоизмеримо больше по сравнению с проблемой образования отходов потребления. В статье практика образования отходов производства рассмотрена с учетом основных экономических показателей, характеризующих развитие страны, сектора экономики и региона. Обосновано, что динамика образования отходов в стране связана с активностью промышленного производства. При этом численность населения страны не является определяющим фактором образования отходов. Как показывает анализ, основной поток отходов генерирует добыча полезных ископаемых – отрасль экономики, которая объективно характеризируется высокой ресурсоемкостью и приходится на территории сосредоточения минеральных ресурсов. Деятельность обрабатывающих производств, показывающих экономический рост, создает условия для увеличения отходов до объемов, сопоставимых и превышающих показатели традиционно отходообразующего металлургического производства. Сделан вывод, что при экологической неэффективности добычи полезных ископаемых ее значение определяется возможностями обеспечения потребностей внутри страны и экспортной направленностью. Значит, эти обстоятельства диктуют обеспечение сочетания экономического роста и охраны окружающей среды. Это вполне возможно, поскольку в самом экономическом развитии заложена основа для решения возникающих проблем, в том числе экологических. The domestic environmental problem is the steady growth of industrial waste. The scale of the threat to the environment is incommensurably greater in comparison with the problem of consumption waste generation. In the article the practice of industrial waste generation is considered taking into account the main economic indicators characterizing the development of the country, economic sector and region. It is substantiated that the dynamics of waste generation in the country is related to the activity of industrial production. At the same time, the number of population of the country is not a determining factor of waste generation. As the analysis shows, the main flow of waste is generated by mining - the branch of economy, which is objectively characterized by high resource intensity and falls on the territories of mineral resources concentration. The activity of manufacturing industries, showing economic growth, creates conditions for the increase of waste to volumes comparable and exceeding the indicators of traditionally waste-forming metallurgical production. It is concluded that in the case of environmental inefficiency of mineral extraction its importance is determined by the ability to meet the needs of the country and export orientation. So, these circumstances dictate ensuring a combination of economic growth and environmental protection. It is quite possible, because the basis for solving emerging problems, including environmental ones, is laid in the very economic development.
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