Продуктивное Долголетие Коров Голштинской Породы Европейской Селекции В Условиях Промышленной Технологии

Abstract

The lifetime productivity of European Holstein cows and their offspring under conditions of industrial milk production technology was studied. It is established that the productive longevity of European Holstein cow offspring in the conditions of the industrial complex was reduced by 1.0 lactation (td = 5.6 or P≥ 0.999), an average of 2.6 lactations. The lifetime milk yield was lower by 20.9% (td = 2.6 or P≥0.99), and the yield of milk fat and protein by 23.0 (td = 3.3 or P≥ 0.999) and 24.1% (Td = 4.8 or P≥ 0.999). At the same time, the influence of origin on lifelong milk yield was 9.5% (P≥0.95), on fat content -22.7% (P≥0.999) and on milk protein -37.5% (P≥0.999). The variation coefficient (Cv = 12.1 ... 79.2%) of animal signs has a sufficient level for carrying out effective breeding work. Revealed high phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients between the indices of lifetime productivity (r = + 0.92 ... + 0.98) showed that the breeding of any signs will have a positive effect on others ones. The coefficients of productive qualities heredity (h2 = 0.18 ... 0.23), prove that breeding based on the lifetime productivity signs will have a positive effect on the progress in dairy cattle breeding. Evaluation of dairy cattle productive longevity has great scientific and practical importance. Studies were carried out on Holstein cows using the data of the dairy cattle management system "Orsek". Biometric processing was carried out with the help of Stat Soft software "Statistica 7.0". The advantage of the study lies in the fact that the Holstein of different origins were kept in the same environmental conditions. Intra-breed differences in lifelong productivity of imported cows were revealed. The lifetime milk yield of Danish animals exceeded the average by 1336 kg, fat by 73.4 and protein by 60.7 kg. However, the offspring of imported Hungarian cows were the most suitable for industrial technology. They surpassed the Danish and German opponents by 0.4 and 0.5 lactation in productive longevity, by 9213 and 9688 kg in lifetime milk yield, by 106 and 239 kg in fat and by 72 and 202 kg in milk protein. In general, in conditions of industrial milk production technology, the duration of first-generation cow productive life was reduced by 1.0 lactation (td = 5.6 or P≥ 0.999), in average it was 2.6 lactations. At the same time, the lifetime milk yield of imported animal offspring was significantly lower by 7167 kg, that is, by 20.9% -decreased from 34245 to 27078 kg (td = 2.6 or P≥0.99). As a consequence, the first generation cows' milk fat and protein were lower by 23.0 (td = 3.3 or P≥ 0.999) and 24.1% (td = 4.8 or P≥0.999). It was found that the variability of the signs (Cv) ranged from 14.7 ... 15.4 (protein content) to 42.0 ... 52.6% (milk yield), increasing in the first generation from 11.4 ... 16, 8 to 53.6 ... 56.1%, which indicates the possibility of carrying out effective breeding. Female offspring of imported cows have a low heritability in lifetime milk yield (h2 = 0.02 ... 0.18), in milk fat yield (h2 = 0...

Metabolic Profiles and Sperm Production in Imported Holstein Bull Sires Under Different Climatic and Geochemical Conditions of Russia and Kazakhstan

“…Потенциал этих территорий может использоваться для развития молочного скотоводства в РФ. В молочном скотоводстве по продуктивности и приспособленности к промышленным условиям мировая популярность принадлежит голштинскому скоту (8)(9)(10)(11), несмотря на ограниченный срок продуктивного использования (12)(13)(14). Согласно данным ВНИИплем за 2018 год, в России этот срок в среднем составляет 2,0-2,3 лактации.…”