Роль Логіки І Математики В Духовно-Інтелектуальному Вихованні Та Навчанні Здобувачів Вищої Освіти

Abstract

Developed logical thinking and intellectual abilities are a necessary prerequisite for the successful work of teachers, lawyers, economists, managers, scientists, which is reflected in the standards of higher education. This is a sign of general human and professional education of a specialist who is able to solve complex specialized tasks and practical problems in his own professional activity. Such activity involves the possession of a certain logical arsenal -methods of analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization, the ability to prove and disprove, draw correct conclusions, and make well-founded, rational decisions. In this regard, the problem arises of finding ways to form the logical thinking of specialists in various fields, taking into account the historical connection of logic with mathematics and the problem of spiritual-intellectual education and training, which is especially relevant today. To achieve the goal and solve the set tasks, theoretical and empirical research methods were used: the study of scientific works, the analysis of educational and methodological literature, pedagogical observations from the standpoint of the formation of spirituality and intelligence of students of higher education. Socio-economic transformations that are taking place at the present time necessitate the need for high-quality training of specialists of the new generation. The system of higher education faces new tasks of spiritual and intellectual training of the future specialist, namely: the formation of general educational abilities and skills, the development of creative abilities, ensuring professional mobility and competitiveness, the ability to adapt to rapid changes in life. An important component of the basic training of modern legal, technical, and economic specialists is the study of logical and mathematical disciplines. Mathematics has wide opportunities for the development of logical thinking, spatial ideas; formation of skills to establish cause-and-effect relationships; justify the statement; simulate situations. Mathematical methods and mathematical modeling are widely used to solve practical problems in various fields of science, technology, economy, and production, which is important for training highly qualified specialists for economic activity and science. The study determined the role and application of logic and mathematics in the process of spiritual and intellectual education. On the example of the life and work of world-famous mathematicians, logicians and philosophers, it is shown that their general and abstract ideas were deeply related to faith in God. The relationship between logic and mathematics is described. Ways of implementing logical laws in the natural sciences and humanities through the teaching of mathematical and logical disciplines are determined. It has been established that the formation of the logical culture of specialists of any field can be implemented during the teaching of mathematics, philosophy, theology or the use of a system of non-standard logical proble...