Сontamination of urban soils with heavy metals in Moscow as affected by building development

Кошелева, Н. Е.; Власов, Д.В.; Korlyakov, I.D.; Касимов, Н.С.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.308

Cited by 68 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The amount of applied DISs is lower in most yards, and the impact of transport decreases as well, but it does not completely disappear because of the presence of car parking lots. The decrease is also due to protective functions of buildings that act as barriers to air pollutant flows from the highways to the yards of residential buildings [100]. Buildings prevent the spread of emissions from vehicles, thus decreasing snow cover pollution to medium level (with TCF 32-64) and a moderately dangerous environmental situation.…”

Section: Dissolved Forms Of Mmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved and Suspended Forms of Metals and Metalloids in Snow Cover of Megacity: Partitioning and Deposition Rates in Western Moscow

et al. 2020

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Concentrations and ratio of dissolved and suspended forms of metals and metalloids (MMs) in snow cover and their deposition rates from the atmosphere in the western part of Moscow were studied. Forms of MMs were separated using a filter with pore diameter of 0.45 μm; their concentrations were measured by ICP-MS and ICP-AES methods. Anthropogenic impact in Moscow caused a significant increase in dust load (2–7 times), concentration of solid particles in snow cover (2–5 times), and mineralization of snow meltwater (5–18 times) compared to the background level. Urban snow contains Sn, Ti, Bi, Al, W, Fe, Pb, V, Cr, Rb, Mo, Mn, As, Co, Cu, Ba, Sb, Mg mainly in suspended form, and Ca and Na in dissolved form. The role of suspended MMs in the city significantly increases compared to the background region due to high dust load, usage of de-icing salts, and the change of acidic background conditions to alkaline ones. Anthropogenic emissions are the main sources of suspended Ca, W, Co, V, Sr, Ti, Mg, Na, Mo, Zn, Fe, Sb, and Cu in the snow cover of traffic zone. These elements’ concentrations in roadside snow cover exceed the background values more than 25 times. The highest concentrations and deposition rates of MMs in the snow of Moscow are localized near the large and medium roads.

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Section: Dissolved Forms Of Mmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved and Suspended Forms of Metals and Metalloids in Snow Cover of Megacity: Partitioning and Deposition Rates in Western Moscow

et al. 2020

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“…It has been observed that the average wind speed is lower than 4 m/s in the city center, which is characterized by tall buildings. Additionally, in winter, the wind velocities decrease by up to 50%, which inhibit ventilation and intensify the deposition of particulate matter and accumulation of metals in the soils [ 12 , 72 , 75 ]. The highest pollution by particulate matter is usually observed in the city center.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of Metal Pollution in Urban Soils of a Post-Industrial City—A Case of Łódź, Poland

et al. 2020

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The pollution of urban soils by metals is a global problem. Prolonged exposure of habitants who are in contact with metals retained in soil poses a health risk. This particularly applies to industrialized cities with developed transport networks. The aim of the study was to determine the content and spatial distribution of mobile metal fractions in soils of the city of Łódź and to identify their load and sources. Multivariate statistical analysis (principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA)), combined with GIS, were used to make a comprehensive evaluation of the soil contamination. Hot-spots and differences between urban and suburban areas were also investigated. Metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after soil extraction with 1 mol L−1 HCl. In most sites, the metal content changes in the following order: Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd. About one-third of the samples are considerably (or very highly) contaminated, (contamination factor, CF > 3) with Cu, Pb, or Zn. In almost 40% of the samples, contaminated soils were found (pollution load index, PLI > 1). All metals have a strong influence on the first principal component (PC1), whereas second principal component (PC2) is related to pH. Polluted soils are located in the downtown, in the south and east part of the city. The distribution of contamination coincides with the urban layout, low emission sources and former industrial areas of Łódź.

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“…1), as well as inside courtyards with local driveways and parking lots. The courtyards protected from the winds often act as traps for inorganic pollutants which are accumulated in urban soils of residential areas (Kosheleva et al 2018b). The sampling grid density was defined as one sample per approximately 4 km 2 (Demetriades and Birke 2015; Kasimov et al 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties of Road Dust in Moscow

Касимов

Кошелева

Власов

et al. 2019

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Road dust is a composite substance formed due to wear of different components of transport infrastructure and motor vehicles. In 2017, 214 road dust samples were collected in Moscow to analyze pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and organic carbon (Cоrg) content that controls the ability of dust to fix pollutants. The road dust was dominated by sand and silt size particles (the share of PM10 particles varies from 2.3% to 39%) and had alkaline pH (6.4–8.1), high EC (33–712 μS/cm) and Cоrg (0.17–6.7%). The road dust is alkalinized by detergents and particles formed by abrasion of roadways and blown out from construction sites. A three-fold excess of the EC over the background values (dust in parks) is mainly due to the use of the de-icing agents and roadway maintenance. But the concentration of Cоrg in the Moscow’s road dust is on average 2 times lower compared to the background values; the increased content of Cоrg in the courtyards is associated with the application of organic fertilizers. The most significant factor that determines the physicochemical properties of the dust was the type of a road. The dust on large roads including the Third Ring Road had higher pH (7.0–8.0) and EC (98–712 μS/ cm); it contained higher proportions of the fine particle-size fractions compared to other roads. The Cоrg content in the road dust was minimum on Moscow’s major radial highways due to the insignificant contribution of soil particles. The spatial trends in variability of the physicochemical properties of the dust in Moscow were not evident as they were to a large extent masked by other factors: proximity to industrial zones and large forest parks, differences in the de-icing agents used, unequal frequencies of road cleaning, and the various contribution of soil particles that vary in composition and genesis in different parts of Moscow.

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Сontamination of urban soils with heavy metals in Moscow as affected by building development

Cited by 68 publications

References 16 publications

Dissolved and Suspended Forms of Metals and Metalloids in Snow Cover of Megacity: Partitioning and Deposition Rates in Western Moscow

Dissolved and Suspended Forms of Metals and Metalloids in Snow Cover of Megacity: Partitioning and Deposition Rates in Western Moscow

Comprehensive Evaluation of Metal Pollution in Urban Soils of a Post-Industrial City—A Case of Łódź, Poland

Physicochemical Properties of Road Dust in Moscow

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