The resource potential of the hunting economy of the Trans-Baikal Territory is characterized by great diversity and richness of the animal world. Wild ungulate animals live in the region, which are of great commercial importance: elk, red deer, wild boar, wild reindeer, musk deer and Siberian roe deer .The regulation of the wild animals hunting is an essential condition for sustainable wildlife utilization and its preservation. Data of state monitoring of hunting resources is its basis. Therefore, the censuring is vitally important for hunting industry. One of the problems that have a negative impact on the development of the hunting economy is poaching, an increase in the volume of which, combined with other factors (loss and degradation of animal habitats), leads to a decrease in the number of commercial species. In this article an attempt to analyze the potential losses (damage) of wild ungulate animals in the territory was made on the basis of available methods, literature sources, and Hunting Service official data. The interconnection between the institutional system formed in hunting environmental management and ecological risks in hunting resource usage is analyzed. The aspects of poor efficiency of the institutional system are determined