Differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the Co-C nanocomposite, which is an array of ultrathin carbon nanocages encapsulated cobalt nanoparticles. The activation energy of the α-β transformation of the nanocomposite and the value of its endothermic effect have been estimated. Thermal effect is much greater than those values that correspond to the observation conditions for α-β transformations in massive cobalt samples. The idea was put forward that transitional transformation is assumed by a non-diffusion, massive mechanism.