Ультразвукова Характеристика функціональних Змін Міокарда при Застосуванні Кондиційованого Середовища Мезенхімальних Стовбурових Клітин на Моделі Автоімунного Міокардиту

Abstract

The aim – to characterize the effect of the conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM) on cardiac function in experimental autoimmune myocarditis, based on echocardiographic data.Materials and methods. autoimmune myocarditis was modeled by injecting rats with a cardiotropic antigenic mixture consisting of Freund’s complete adjuvant and an antigen solution. The antigenic mixture was administered to rats 4 times over 14 days. MSC-CM was administered on days 14, 17, 20, 23, and 26 of the experiment. Echocardiographic studies of the heart were performed using the «Sonomed 500» ultrasound echotomoscope («Poli-Spectrum,» Ukraine) on the 28th day of the experiment.Results. The study found that MSC-CM had a pronounced cardioprotective effect in rats with autoimmune myocarditis. MSC-CM significantly improved the heart structure, reduced the left ventricular wall thickness, and normalized volumetric parameters and myocardial contractile function. While amiodarone also showed positive results, its effect was less pronounced compared to MSC-CM. The therapeutic potential of MSC-CM in correcting hypertrophy and impaired myocardial contractility was confirmed by numerous statistically significant changes observed in all experimental groups.Conclusions. Treatment with MSC-CM led to a significant reduction in the thickness of the interventricular septum and the posterior wall of the left ventricle, resulting in a decrease in hypertrophy. Both end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume reduced and cardiac function. Left ventricular ejection fraction (75.8 %, p<0.001) and fractional shortening (39.2 %, p<0.001) in the MSC-CM group approached the levels observed in intact rats.