Фитосанитарный Эффект Применения Минеральных Удобрений В Посадках Картофеля В Северо-Западном Регионе

Шпанев, А. М.; Smuk, V. V.; Fesenko, Mykola

doi:10.7868/s0002188117120067

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…По нашим данным, рост засоренности посадок на начальных этапах развития культуры компенсируется снижением видового и численного состава, а также степени развития сорных растений во второй половине вегетации картофеля. Это происходит вследствие повышения конку-рентоспособности культурных растений, которые под влиянием удобрений формируют мощную вегетативную массу и густую посадку [7]. С другой стороны, на сорный компонент картофельного агробиоценоза сильно влияют защитные мероприятия, включая механическую обработку почвы, предусмотренную технологией возделывания культуры [8,9].…”

Section: The Results Of the Research Have Revealed Integrated Effect unclassified

Integrated effect of fertilizer application and protective measures on weed infestation and potato yield

Shpanev¹,

Smuk²,

Fesenko³

2019

Rossiiskaia selskokhoziaistvennaia nauka

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The results of the research have revealed integrated effect of the mineral fertilizer application and protective measures influence on weed infestation and potato yield. This effect was developed on the second half of the vegetation and expressed in more stronger inhibition of plant development (from 36,6 to 20,4 and 11,1 g/m2 on low, medium and high levels of mineral nutrition, respectively), in the reduction of species diversity (from 12 to 10 and 10 species/m2) and number of weeds (from 69 to 42 and 32 species/m2). The highest biological (biomass reduction – 95,3%, the number of weeds – 79%) and economic (yield increase – 228 с/ha or 107%) effect was achieved by the high rates of mineral fertilizer application and combined protective measures of potato crops from weeds. This variant was characterized by the greatest profitability (125,3%), whereas chemical protection providing double treatment of potato plantings with herbicides, even at the middle and high level of mineral nutrition, was less effective (102,6 and 109%) in economic terms.

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Section: The Results Of the Research Have Revealed Integrated Effect unclassified

Integrated effect of fertilizer application and protective measures on weed infestation and potato yield

Shpanev¹,

Smuk²,

Fesenko³

2019

Rossiiskaia selskokhoziaistvennaia nauka

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Role of previous crops and mineral fertilizers in pathogenesis of potato black scab and crop productivity

Малюга¹,

Chulikova²

2020

Vescì Nacyânalʹnaj akadèmìì navuk Belarusì. Seryâ agrarnyh navu

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One of the main factors limiting the potato yield in Western Siberia is various crop diseases, among which soil and tuber infections hold a special place. The sore issue in potatoes production is black scab. The economic significance of this disease is estimated at 50 % yield loss during the growing season. The results of analyzing the effect of previous crops (potatoes, oats and tendergreen) and mineral fertilizers (N40P40K80) on pathogenesis of black scab in potato plantations, and also crop productivity are presented in the paper. Evaluation of the used techniques effect on development of black scab was performed on natural backgrounds in conditions of forest-steppe zone of Priobye in the Novosibirsk region. The seasonal dynamics of the Rhizoctonia solani fungus in the soil has a characteristic increase in the number at the end of plants growing season. In the conditions of Western Siberia, in the course of pathological process of black scab, the soil infection (proportion of the factor effect from 50 % during the phase of full germination to 90 % to the flowering phase) plays the most important role. Oats and tendergreen had been affecting on the agent of black scab disease during two years after cultivation as a precursor, and oats affected the pathogen more strongly in the second year of potato cultivation. On average according to factors, oats and tendergreen with mineral fertilizers (N40P40K80) reliably reduce development of black scab on plants 1.1-1.3 times as compared to potatoes cultivated in monoculture, and mineral fertilizers significantly (1.3 times) increase the plants performance. The predecessors (on average) had practically no effect on this indicator. The yield of potatoes in monoculture and after oats is almost the same, and after tendergreen it is insignificantly higher (1.1 times). Mastering environmentally friendly technologies for protecting potatoes from soil and tuber infections and implementation of those into production will contribute to obtaining stable crops of a high quality culture, and, as a result, formation of efficient agro-industrial complex ensuring the country’s food security.

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Influence of fertilizers and of the autumn tillage method on potato yield and phytopathologiс characteristics of tubers

Титова

Акопджанян

2021

Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока

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The field experiment on identifying differences in the effect of the herbicide and foliar feeding of plants with liquid nitrogen fertilizer (UAN-32) against the background of autumn tillage with a cultivator or plow on potato yield and phytopathologic characteristics of tubers during storage was carried out in 2019-2020 in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The experiment was laid on sod-podzolic sandy loamy soil in production conditions on two varieties of potato ‒ the super-early Сolomba variety and the medium-early Innovator variety grown for seeds. The variants under study were surface application of the soil herbicide Gezagard in a tank mixture with UAN-32 and foliar feeding of plants with UAN-32 (N42) during the growing season against the background of N42P42K169 (calcium chloride in autumn + ammonium nitrate phosphate in spring). The results indicate that the background fertilization provides the yield of Colombа variety potato of 20.7-29.0 t/ha, the Innovator variety – 17.4-23.1 t/ha. The use of the herbicide is more effective during autumn tillage with a cultivator, providing an increase in yield of 28-37 % on both potato varieties, feeding of plants with UAN-32 contributes to an increase in yield (8-10 %) only on the Сolomba variety. Plowing the soil for potatoes helps to avoid the pest damage of tubers and to reduce their susceptibility to rhizoctonia by 6-27 %, to wet rot ‒ up to 55 %. In general, it has been established that due to autumn plowing with fertilization at a dose of N42P42K169, it is possible to obtain an increase in potato yield exceeding the increase provided both by herbicides and the use of foliar feeding of potatoes.

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Фитосанитарный Эффект Применения Минеральных Удобрений В Посадках Картофеля В Северо-Западном Регионе

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Integrated effect of fertilizer application and protective measures on weed infestation and potato yield

Integrated effect of fertilizer application and protective measures on weed infestation and potato yield

Role of previous crops and mineral fertilizers in pathogenesis of potato black scab and crop productivity

Influence of fertilizers and of the autumn tillage method on potato yield and phytopathologiс characteristics of tubers

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