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Financial security as an object of financial criminal offenses
The article considers financial security as an object of financial criminal offenses based on a comprehensive systemic analysis in the context of economic reform. Evolutionary, formal-legal and comparative-legal methods of research of criminal-legal phenomena are used in the research. Measures of criminal legal protection of the country's financial system are currently not effective, they do not take into account the changes that are taking place in the field of financial activity of the state, which leads to a change in the object of financial criminal offenses. This determines the relevance of the research. The object of the study is a set of social relations arising in connection with the commission of criminal offenses in the sphere of state financial activity. The subject of the research is the norms of criminal legislation. The peculiarities of criminogenic-formative features, which determine the specificity of the composition of a criminal offense and other categories of the doctrine of criminal offenses in the context of a financial offense, have been revealed. The grounds for determining the object of financial criminal offenses are financial security from the point of view of the interests of individuals and legal entities, society and the state, public relations in the field of financial activity, public danger in the context of violations of financial legislation. It was noted that an adequate response to the threat of financial crime from the point of view of the criminal law is possible under the condition of further comprehensive research on issues of criminal liability for financial criminal offenses, timely clarification of the criminal law in response to the reform of financial relations and the emergence of new forms of financial crime, qualitative methodological support of law enforcement practice, which contributes to the development of unified approaches to ensuring the financial security of the individual, society and the state.
Financial security as an object of financial criminal offenses
The article considers financial security as an object of financial criminal offenses based on a comprehensive systemic analysis in the context of economic reform. Evolutionary, formal-legal and comparative-legal methods of research of criminal-legal phenomena are used in the research. Measures of criminal legal protection of the country's financial system are currently not effective, they do not take into account the changes that are taking place in the field of financial activity of the state, which leads to a change in the object of financial criminal offenses. This determines the relevance of the research. The object of the study is a set of social relations arising in connection with the commission of criminal offenses in the sphere of state financial activity. The subject of the research is the norms of criminal legislation. The peculiarities of criminogenic-formative features, which determine the specificity of the composition of a criminal offense and other categories of the doctrine of criminal offenses in the context of a financial offense, have been revealed. The grounds for determining the object of financial criminal offenses are financial security from the point of view of the interests of individuals and legal entities, society and the state, public relations in the field of financial activity, public danger in the context of violations of financial legislation. It was noted that an adequate response to the threat of financial crime from the point of view of the criminal law is possible under the condition of further comprehensive research on issues of criminal liability for financial criminal offenses, timely clarification of the criminal law in response to the reform of financial relations and the emergence of new forms of financial crime, qualitative methodological support of law enforcement practice, which contributes to the development of unified approaches to ensuring the financial security of the individual, society and the state.
Considering that ensuring the stability, reliability and efficiency of the financial system is a prerequisite for the country's defence capability, it has been noted that these positions are the basis for the interdependence of military and financial security. The essence, place and importance of financial security as a condition for ensuring military security have been investigated. The components of the military security system and the impact of the financial system on their functioning have been analysed. The author's own definition of the “financial security” concept and elements of the State’s financial security system have been proposed. The challenges and threats to the financial system of the State under martial law and the tasks of ensuring its stability, invincibility and effective functioning are considered. Based on the analysis of the Economic Security Strategy of Ukraine, it has been found that the state of the country’s financial security is assessed as unsatisfactory. It has been noted that the constant deficit of the state budget and the associated significant debt burden, insufficient development of long-term investment lending to the economy and the stock market, the growth of economic crime, and low financial culture in society are negative factors affecting the state of the financial system. It has been noted that different academic opinions on the constituent elements of financial security depend on the object of consideration. It has been noted that scientific analysis of financial security as a categorical institution has a significant impact not only on ensuring the country’s defence capability, but also on substantiating the current tasks of its organisational and legal support at the State level. General scientific theoretical methods have been used: system analysis aimed at identifying the object and subject of research, in particular, public finance; abstract and logical method – to provide scientifically sound generalisations and conclusions on the problems of legal regulation of financial security as a factor influencing military security and to define financial security measures as means of protecting the interests of a person and the State. The institutional, instrumental and functional components of financial security have been clarified. Attention has been drawn to the need to reform the system of state financial control bodies and improve the legal framework for monitoring public financial resources. It has been proved that there is a need for legislative regulation of relations on the circulation of public financial resources, and the directions of their orientation towards the actual tasks of ensuring military security have been substantiated.
Фінансовий Моніторинг В Системі Національної Безпеки України
Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням організації фінансового моніторингу в Україні як способу захисту національних інтересів суспільства і держави. Однією із сучасних тенденцій розвитку держави є пошук нових механізмів та інструментів, покликаних запобігати впливу негативних процесів у розвитку національної економіки та забезпеченні економічної безпеки. До основних механізмів, які знаходяться в руках влади слід віднести використання фінансового моніторингу, який здатен об’єднати системи спостереження за фінансово-економічними процесами в різних сферах економічної діяльності. Актуальність дослідження системи фінансового моніторингу як компонента національної безпеки України проявляється в тому, що він дозволяє провести всебічний та якісний аналіз з метою виявлення слабких та сильних сторін індивідуального та загальнодержавного економічного становища, виявити існуючі та можливі загрози економічній безпеці країни. Крім того, в статті визначено місце фінансового моніторингу в системі національної безпеки України, проаналізовано методи здійснення фінансового моніторингу в межах національних інтересів. У підсумку авторами розглянуто перспективи розвитку фінансового моніторингу як компонента національної безпеки України з урахуванням ризиків, притаманних для об’єктів дослідження.
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