ネパール・カトマンズ盆地の都市域における浅層地下水の窒素汚染と脱窒

Abstract

Both developed and developing countries are experiencing serious issues due to anthropogenic groundwater contaminations (Wakida and Lerner, 2005;Ferronato and Torretta, 2019) . These concerns are more severe in areas in which groundwater is the primary or alternative source of fresh water (Umezawa et al., 2009; Gao et al., 2012) , as well as in the dense-ly populated areas of developing countries due to improper infrastructure.Among the many chemical and biological contaminants in groundwater, nitrogen contamination remains a one of the serious groundwater issues. The excess use of artificial fertilizers has caused serious nitrogen pollution in water environments. Moreover, other nitrogen sources related to urban development can increase water pollutions. Previous studies have found that