側方への降段が下肢関節角度および下肢関節モーメントに及ぼす影響

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to examine what influence different methods of descending stairs has on the lower extremity joints, with the consideration of securing safety for senior citizens and handicapped persons. Subjects were 11 healthy adult men. The angles of the lower limb joints and moments when descending forward, backwards, sideways with the swing leg diagonally forward (SF), and sideways with the swing leg diagonally behind (SB) were measured using a 3-dimensional motion analysis system combined with two force plates. It was found that the hip flexion angle and hip extension moment in the support leg decreased when descending forward and SF. On the other hand, the ankle dorsal flexion angle and plantar flexion moment, and the knee flexion angle and extension moment in the support leg decreased when descending backwards and SB. We suggest that SF may be a good alternative for descending forward, and SB may be a good alternative for descending backwards. We suggest that descending backwards and SB are suitable for knee and ankle dysfunctions, and descending forward and SF are suitable for hip dysfunctions. We confirmed that the difference in the method of stair descending influences the lower extremity joint angles and moments, and the methods taught to patients should be suitable to their situation.

Study on the Effects of Different Stair-Descending Methods on Knee Angle, Joint Moment and Joint Force

“…In the present study, knee extension moments M1 and M2 were greater for movements with a large knee flexion angle, showing similar results to our previous study 10) . Knee extension moment in the present study was high, because as knee flexion increased, the center of the knee moved forward to lengthen the distance with the floor reaction force vector (moment arm) to increase the knee extension moment.…”

“…In general, people with bilateral OA descend backwards. Based on the assumption that such compensatory movements may offer some mechanical advantages, we investigated knee flexion angle and knee extension moment during descending backwards as documented in past studies 10) . The present study focused on changes in joint force during descending backwards.…”

Effects of methods of descending stairs forwards versus backwards on knee joint force in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a clinical controlled study

“…Focusing on the backward descending movement, which is a compensatory movement for pain control and knee joint protection employed by OA patients, we previously investigated the mechanics of this movement in healthy subjects and confirmed that control of the body mass was mainly done by the knee and ankle joints in the forward descending movement and by the hip joint in the backward descending movement with a decrease in knee joint flexion angle and joint moment [ 6 , 7 ].…”