Zinc, nickel and silver oxide were prepared by the method of pulsed ablation laser in liquid, with different preparation conditions, where the number of pulses was changed (25, 50 and 75) and the frequency was 1 Hz and the energy was 600 mJ and at room temperature. We have used UV-visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FSEM), the EDX system, then these materials were added to the local dye and the photo-catalytic activity was applied to them using a UV-500 lamp for different periods of time (0, 30, 60 and 120 mint) and they acted as photo-catalysts.

HMX is considered one of the most powerful energetic materials; however HMX experiences low sensitivity. Cobalt oxide particles can expose active surface sites; low coordination surface oxygen has remarkable capability to act as electron donor to electron deficient explosive materials. Furthermore, cobalt oxide hydrous surface could release active ȮH radicals that could attack HMX heterocyclic ring. Consequently cobalt oxide can experience potential catalyzing ability. Highly crystalline, mono-dispersed cobalt oxide nanoparticles (NPs) of 20 nm were fabricated using hydrothermal processing. Cobalt oxide demonstrated stable colloidal particles; these particles were re-dispersed in organic solvent and integrated into HMX matrix via co-precipitation technique. Enhanced particle dispersion into energetic matrix was verified using SEM. The effectiveness of cobalt oxide on HMX decomposition was evaluated using DSC and TGA. Cobalt oxide NPs demonstrated superior catalytic activity; with an increase in HMX decomposition enthalpy by 53 % using DSC. The main decomposition temperature was decreased by 10 0C. Cobalt oxide NPs offered enhanced reaction propagation index by 56 %; additionally HMX activation energy was decreased by 41 % and 37 % using Kissinger and KAS models respectively.

In this research, preparation of titanium dioxide nanomaterial (TiO2) using sol-gel method was achieved. 2.5 g weight of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the local paint using the casting method. Thin films were prepared by drop casting the paint onto the surface of pre-prepared samples, then several tests were carried out including adhesion test, hardness test (Shore B), brightness and whiteness, friction test, contact angle, and antibacterial activity. The nanomaterial at a percentage of 12% showed the best results when it was added to the paint. These results include adhesion strength, hardness strength, and exposing to weather conditions of temperature, and humidity. The adhesive strength increased when adding the nanomaterial from 112 to 139 before exposure to the weather and from 58 to 108 after exposure. The hardness also increased from 77.9 to 86.5 before exposure to the surrounding environment and from 94.2 to 96.8 after exposure. In addition, the paint with TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activity against two types of bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli), staphylococcus aurous (S. aurous) and antifungal candida. Paint with TiO2 nanoparticles is more efficient as antibacterial agents with E. coli as compared with S. aurous and candida.