In the current study the tribological properties of Aluminum alloy (Al 25) with moment in time was examined by adding nanoparticles as additives. Nanoparticles exhibit high thermal conductivity, stable viscosity and can be dispersed well in oil. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of Al2O3, TiO2, Graphene (G), Co-Cr, Ni nanoparticles on lubricity using linear wear testers under reciprocating sliding motion. SEM and EDX characterization techniques are used to study the composition and morphology on worn surfaces. The findings showed that the tribological properties of the substrate lubricant were significantly increased with the addition of nanoparticles. Friction and Wear are reduced with Graphene, Al2O3, TiO2, Ni & Co-Cr nanoparticles as additives for the same load value and can be used as multifunctional additives. Co-Cr at 0.03wt% has provided best performance among the other nanoparticles and can be used as Nano lubricant in the future.

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In this work, sand/zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) have been successfully fabricated on the sand particles using the sol-gel immersion method.The sand/ZnO NRs/custom made immersion methods have successfully composited tri-chain hyper-branched (TC14) – graphene oxide (GO) and sand/ZnO NRs/sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant (SDS) – GO. The FESEM images show the sand/ZnO NRs/TC14-GO have the thin layer compare to sand/ZnO NRs/SDS-GO. The structural properties of sand/ZnO NRs/TC14-GO and sand/ZnO NRs/SDS-GO investigated by Micro-Raman Spectra. Which the sand/ZnO NRs/TC14-GO show best crystallinity compare to sand/ZnO NRs/SDS-GO based on ID/IG ratio was around ~ 0.81 and 0.23. The photocatalysis performance were investigated by UV-vis instrument under 365 nm. The highest removal percent of 5 parts per million (ppm) of methylene blue (MB) with 30 g were observed in sand/ZnO NRs/TC14-GO after 72 hours was ~100%. The improvement of photocatalysis performances of sand/ZnO NRs by composited with GO have been explained by the mechanism.