Purpose. To create and study a three-dimensional geomechanical model in order to determine the parameters of the open-pit walls and benches, ensuring safe and economically feasible mining, as well as predicting unstable zones within the open pit. Methods. A comprehensive methodological approach is used, including a systematic analysis of scientific, normative and methodological literature; analyzing the results of previously performed studies on the object; engineering-geological surveys in the near-edge rock mass of the Kurzhunkul’ deposit; laboratory testing of rock strength properties; determining the rock mass rating according to the MRMR classification; kinematic analysis of bench faces; calculating the stability of the Kurzhunkul’ deposit final boundary using the limit equilibrium method; numerical modeling of the rock mass stress-strain state at the Kurzhunkul’ deposit using the finite element method. Findings. The paper represents the results of data collection and analysis for the development of a geomechanical model of an operating iron-ore open pit in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Comprehensive geomechanical studies to substantiate the optimal parameters of the Kurzhunkul’ deposit walls and benches on the limiting contour, as well as calculations to determine the degree of the open-pit walls and benches stability have been performed. Based on the results of studying the geological-structural configuration of the deposit, as well the mathematical modeling data of stability and acting stresses, subsequently entered into a unified digital database, weakened zones have been identified. Originality. For the first time, the geomechanical model has been created for the conditions of the Kurzhunkul’ deposit, which makes it possible to combine in one database all the parameters that affect the safety of mining operations. The model takes into account structural disturbances of the rock mass that have an adverse impact on stability. Practical implications. The developed model gives a visual representation of the rock mass state at various sites of the deposit, simplifies the selection of design sections for stability calculations, facilitates the choice of optimal technical solutions and analysis, especially for complex geological structures with multiple geotechnical or geological units with different texturing and inclination.

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The world development of science and technology prompts many countries to use their own modern coordinate systems, determined on the basis of satellite measurements. Moreover, the modern system must be characterized by its openness and unity for the entire territory of the country. One of the main problems arising during the creation and operation of our own high-precision positioning satellite systems in the Republic of Kazakhstan are: the lack of domestic satellite equipment, specialized software and test methods for the software and hardware complex. A unique opportunity appeared in the development and testing of the software and hardware complex of the high-precision satellite positioning system at the Kacharsky open pit thanks to the funding of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan through grants for scientific and technical projects for 2018–2020 (grant No. AP05136083) and co-financing of the private partner JSC «SSGPO». The article presents the results of technical solutions for the implementation of a high-precision satellite positioning system, in particular, the creation of a permanent base station (BS) of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) at operating open pit. The primary purpose of the work is to provide high-precision positioning of an open field in order to determine geodetic coordinates using modern satellite navigation technologies in real-time and post-processing. This development continues the path of introducing the elements of Industry 4.0, which is currently being carried out at the Kacharsky open pit.

The article presents technical solutions for the implementation of a high-precision satellite positioning system when performing mine surveying in an open pit. A system was put into commercial operation at one of the fields of JSC "Sokolovsko-Sarbayskoe mining and processing production association" (JSC "SSGPO") this year. The project was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan through grants for scientific and technical projects 2018–2020 and was co-financed by a private partner, JSC "SSGPO". All work was carried out jointly with the Subsidiary Limited Liability Company "Institute of Space Engineering and Technology". The technology of differential correction of GNSS signals in the form of base stations of differential correction (BSDC) allows solving the problems of high-precision satellite positioning. The main task assigned to the continuously operating base station is the collection of code and phase data from GPS/GLONASS satellites and the distribution of this data to users (services of JSC "SSGPO" and specialists of contracting organizations performing mine surveying and geodetic work at the field). Development of a mobile module and the rationale for its inclusion in the BSDC is provided in this work.