For the development of the agricultural industry, the urgent task of designing robots capable of efficiently harvesting crops is being set. To do this, it is necessary to ensure the high quality of the algorithm of the computer vision system for determining the boundaries of fruits and the degree of their ripeness. Differences in weather conditions and illumination of a fruit tree have a significant impact on the operation of such an algorithm. It is shown that due to the introduction of neural networks into machine vision systems, the speed of fruit detection has significantly increased. The development of robots for harvesting fruits will allow replacing heavy physical labor of a person, as well as reducing the percentage of crop shortage.

The increase in the energy consumption of lifting and transport machines in transient operating mode requires the creation of mathematical models and, on their basis, the development of recommendations for increasing economy. Important reasons for reducing the economy of lifting machines are changes in speed and load, deviations from the optimal value and causes an increase in energy dissipation. Another reason for the increase in lost energy is the process of machines with a loss of kinetic energy during their shutting-off. Increasing the economic showings of machines is possible by reducing its nominal power, which leads to a deterioration in dynamic qualities. A promising method of increasing the economy of machines is using of braking energy recovery, its accumulation and using during further acceleration. In this case, the increase of efficiency occurs without reducing the dynamic qualities and showings of the machine.

Designing and creating new agricultural machines, their introduction into agricultural production and effective use requires taking into account and objectively evaluating many factors determined by the requirements of industry and the specifics of agricultural production. The scientific and technical process in the field of automation and mechanization of agricultural production is aimed at reducing specific energy costs, increasing the productivity and manageability of equipment, as well as compliance with environmental standards. To solve these tasks, mobile robots are actively used that can independently perform various operations related to sowing, tillage, plant care and harvesting. A promising method for improving the efficiency of agricultural machinery is the use of braking energy recovery, its accumulation and use during further acceleration. For this purpose, a device was developed and designed to reduce the energy consumption of agricultural robots without reducing the dynamic qualities and performance of the equipment.

For the development of the agricultural industry, the current task is to design mobile robots that can independently perform a wide range of tasks. In this area, it is necessary to achieve both a reduction in the mass of the robot to reduce its impact on the top layer of soil, and an increase in its operating time without recharging from batteries. A promising method for improving the efficiency of agricultural machinery is the use of braking energy recovery, its accumulation and use during further acceleration. In this case, efficiency increases without reducing the dynamic qualities and performance of the equipment. The use of a flywheel energy accumulator allows you to use energy recovery in agricultural machinery, without resorting to difficult-to-maintain and relatively low-life batteries.

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