No abstract

Background: Flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and vitamin-C contained in the Red Dragon fruit’s skin have a positive impact on glycemic control and lipid oxidation. This study aimed to determine the effect of Red Dragon fruit’s skin extract on reducing the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and improving the lipid profile of Wistar rats with diabetes and dyslipidemia. Methods: A randomized pre-test post-test control group experimental study was done on 22 male Wistar rats, aged 2-3 months that suffered from diabetes and dyslipidemia. Subjects were divided into the control group (given 2cc distilled water + 9 mg metformin) and the treatment group (given 160 mg red dragon fruit’s skin extract + 9 mg metformin) for 14 days. FBG and lipid profile measurements were done before and after the treatment. Data were analyzed using the compare mean test. Results: There was no significant mean difference of GDP between groups before (p=0.414) and after treatment (p=0.125), total cholesterol between groups before (p = 0.572) and after treatment (p=0.361), triglycerides between groups before (p=0.073) and after treatment (p=0.111). There was a significant mean difference of HDL between groups before (p=0.003) and after treatment (p=0.047), LDL between groups before (p=0.006) and after treatment (p=0.043). Although there were significant mean differences in HDL and LDL between groups before and after treatment, the pre-post treatment of HDL and LDL mean differences showed no significant mean difference (p=0.328 and p=0.704 consecutively). Conclusion: Red Dragon fruit’s skin extract treatment did not significantly reduce the mean FBG and lipid profile levels.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease associated with premature aging characterized by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia in people with DM causes oxidative stress and increases Glycated Albumin level, which is the initial precursor to the formation of AGEs. In turn, AGEs will lead to pancreatic β cell damage and apoptosis. Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus L) contains phytochemicals with antioxidant that has the potential to reduce diabetic complications. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of metformin and red fruit extract combination toward blood glucose, glycated albumin and pancreatic β cells density in diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: A post-test only control group study was conducted using 36 male Wistar rats as subject. All subjects were induced for type-2 DM with Streptozotocin and Nicotinamide. The diabetic rats were then divided into 2 groups: the positive control group treated with metformin + placebo and the treatment group treated with metformin + red fruit extract. Pancreatic β cell, fasting blood glucose and glycated albumin assessments were performed after 21 days of treatment. Results: The results showed the mean number of pancreatic β cells in the treatment group was higher than the control group (116.11±33.14 vs 83.20±23.94 cells/visual field; p=0.002). But the mean fasting blood glucose in the treatment group was not significantly different compared to the control group (107.67±14.93 vs. 113.67±11.19 mg/dl; p=0.181). The same result also found in the gycated albumin level (Treatment vs control: 6.97±3.63 vs 6.42±4.01 ng/ml; p=0.666). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the administration of red fruit extract increased the density of pancreatic β cell but did not reduce fasting blood glucose and glycated albumin levels in diabetic Wistar rats.

Backgrounds: Red fruit plant (Pandanus conoideus) that grows in eastern Indonesia, has the strong antioxidant properties, such as flavonoids, tannins, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Study objectives to prove the antioxidant effect of red fruit extract inhibit dyslipidemia, the F2 Isoprostane concentration, the weight gain in animal with high lipid diet. Methods: The pre and posttest control group design experiment study was conducted on male Wistar rats. The subject was divided randomly into two groups. Both groups were administrated with hegh fat diet. The control group was blinded with 1 mL aquadestylates, and the treatment group, which was treated with 168 mg red fruit extract in 1 mL for 30 days. Dependent variables; lipid profile, levels of F2 isoprostane, and bodyweight were measured before and after intervention. Results: We found the improvement of lipid profile in the treatment group; decreased of LDL cholesterol (p<0.001), triglycerides (p<0.001), total cholesterol (p<0.001), and increased HDL cholesterol (p<0.001). Other wised there was no change of lipid profile in the control group. F2 Isoprostane was also decreased (p<0.001) in the treatment group, but not in the control group. The bodyweight was decreased in the treatment goup (p<0.001), but in contrary increased in the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Supplementation of red fruit extract (Pandanus conoideus) significantly improved the lipid profile, decreased levels of F2 isoprostane, as well as bodyweight on male Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus) rats that was administrated with a high-fat diet Keywords: antioxidant, red fruit extract, lipid profile, F2 Isoprostane, body weight