Introduction. The problem of traffic noise on the road network of cities is considered. The reasons for the annual increase in the sound level on urban roads in Russia and abroad, as well as the factors contributing to this, are investigated. The purpose of the work: on the basis of the conducted theoretical research and the obtained experimental data, to develop measures that contribute to improving the environmental safety of the city, to build a model of the dependence of the noise level on the traffic intensity, taking into account the peculiarities of the organization of traffic and urban planning in Tambov.Materials and methods. Sound level measurements on the Tambov road network were carried out in accordance with the methodology specified in GOST 20444-2014, which provided for the assessment of the actual noise characteristics of traffic flows (by vehicle type). The measurements were carried out using a noise meter in summer and winter during peak and inter-peak times on weekdays.Results. The study of the noise level on the Tambov street and road network showed an excess of this indicator relative to the norms by 7-18%, depending on peak and inter-peak time, as well as the summer and winter period. The dependence of the traffic intensity of vehicles on the noise level in the summer and winter periods is constructed.Discussion and conclusion. The measures were proposed, including urban planning, to reduce the sound level in the areas under consideration. The complex of these measures will reduce the level of traffic noise on the city’s road network by an average of 5-15 dBA.

Introduction. The problems of the organisation of urban passenger transportation are considered. The reasons for the inefficient operation of public transport in the cities of Russia and abroad, as well as the factors contributing to this, are investigated. The insufficient level of information technology systems and technologies use in the transportation process is indicated. The purpose of the work is to develop a refined methodology for evaluating the efficiency of public passenger transport based on the criteria of the information technology indicator, as well as to test the evaluation of the efficiency of motor transport enterprises engaged in passengers transportation in Tambov according to this indicator.Materials and methods. A refined methodology for evaluating the efficiency of public passenger transport has been developed based on the criteria of the information technology indicator. Each criterion was assigned a weighting indicator (coefficient), depending on the significance and impact on the efficiency and safety of public passenger transport.Results. The study of the efficiency of public passenger transport in Tambov according to the criteria of information technology assessment showed that, in general, the level of equipment is lower than the average estimated indicator - from 5.55 to 8.3 points. This indicates the insufficient equipment of carriers with information technologies and systems.Discussion and conclusion. The measures to improve the efficiency of public passenger transport are proposed.

Проблема и цель. Целью исследований являлось сравнение эффективности различных рецептур моющих средств для дезинфекции бактерий группы кишечных палочек (БГКП), стафилококков и Pseudomonas aeruginosa с поверхности нержавеющая сталь марки AISI 316. Методология. Для достижения цели в качестве образцов моющих средств заданных рецептур при равных композициях использовались: озонированная питьевая вода, барботированная в течение 5 мин.; 1 %-й водный раствор азотистой кислоты, 1 %-й водный раствор ортофосфорной кислоты, 1 %-й водный раствор щелочи; механическая смесь кальцинированной соды 20-25 % и горчичного порошка 75-80 ; 2,2 %-й и 5,2 %-й водные экстракты горчичного порошка. Экстрагирование горчичного порошка осуществляли в гидромодулях 1:25 и 1:50 при вакууме 0,6 кПа и температуре 56 °C в течение 40 мин. Для заражения образцов пластин из нержавеющей стали бактериями осуществляли предварительное выращивание микрофлоры на питательной среде (МПА – мясопептонный агар) с последующим её добавлением в молоко с содержанием жира 3,4-4,5 % в соответствии с ТУ 9222- 242-00419785-04. Исследуемые образцы пластин подвергались 15-минутной дезинфекции моющим раствором методом распыления ультрамалого объема. Эффективность дезинфекции оценивалась пробами ватно-марлевого смыва стерильного стержня, помещенного в пробирку с питательной средой с последующим анализом по методу МУК 4.2.2942-11. Результаты. Анализ результатов дезинфекции показал, что механическая смесь кальцинированной соды 20-25 % и горчичного порошка 75-80 %; 2,2 %-й и 5,2 %-й водные экстракты горчичного порошка и озонированная питьевая вода обладают одинаковой дезинфекционной эффективностью по сравнению с образцами химических моющих средств, применяемых в молочной промышленности. Заключение. Предложенные образцы моющих средств заданных рецептур природного происхождения позволят отказаться от химических компонентов в моющих и дезинфицирующих растворах, что повысит экологическую безопасность отработанных растворов и снизить стоимость их дальнейшей утилизации. Problem and purpose. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of various formulations of detergents for disinfection of bacteria of the group of E. coli (BCG), staphylococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the surface of stainless steel AISI 316. Methodology. To achieve the goal, the following were used as samples of detergents of specified formulations with equal compositions: ozonized drinking water, bubbled for 5 minutes; 1% aqueous solution of nitrous acid, 1% aqueous solution of phosphoric acid, 1% aqueous solution of alkali; mechanical mixture of soda ash 20-25% and mustard powder 75-80%; 2.2% and 5.2% mustard powder aqueous extracts. The extraction of mustard powder was carried out in hydromodules 1:25 and 1:50 at a vacuum of 0.6 kPa and a temperature of 56 ° C for 40 min. To infect samples of stainless steel plates with bacteria, the microflora was preliminarily grown on a nutrient medium (MPA - mesopatamia agar) with its subsequent addition to milk with a fat content of 3.4 - 4.5% in accordance with TU 9222-242-00419785-04. The test samples of the plates were subjected to 15 minutes of disinfection with a washing solution by the ultra-small volume spraying method. The effectiveness of disinfection was assessed by samples of a cotton-gauze washout of a sterile rod, placed in a test tube with a nutrient medium, followed by analysis according to the MUK 4.2.2942-11 method. Results. Analysis of the results of disinfection showed that the mechanical mixture of soda ash 20-25% and mustard powder 75-80%; 2.2% and 5.2% aqueous extracts of mustard powder and ozonized drinking water have the same disinfection efficiency compared to the samples of chemical detergents used in the dairy industry. Conclusion. The proposed samples of detergents of predetermined formulations of natural origin will make it possible to abandon chemical components in detergents and disinfectants, which will increase the environmental safety of waste solutions and reduce the cost of their further disposal.