Lokasi penambangan PIT DE PT. Pipit Mutiara Jaya, Site Bebatu dengan lahan seluas 3.024 Ha terletak di Desa Bebatu Kebun, Kecamatan Sesayap Hilir, Kabupaten Tana Tidung, Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Metode estimasi yang digunakan yaitu metode sayatan penampang (cross section) yang berdasarkan pada pedoman rule o f gradual changes dan rule o f nearest point. Estimasi pedoman rule o f gradual changes didapatkan total cadangan terkira adalah 2.605.121,944 ton, volume material gambut adalah 811.218,008 m3, volume material softclay adalah 4.413.869,289 m3, volume mixing adalah 2.206.934,637 m3 dan volume material hardclay adalah 11.638.177,066 m3. Perhitungan berdasarkan pedoman rule o f nearest point sebagai berikut: total cadangan terkira adalah 3.047.878,132 ton, volume material gambut adalah 918.114,558 m3, volume material softclay adalah 5.040.942,037 m3, volume mixing adalah 2.520.471,018 m3 dan volume material hardclay adalah 12.858.788,961 m3. Nilai stripping ratio dari hasil kedua perhitungan adalah sebagai berikut: untuk pedoman rule o f gradual changes dengan nilai SR 7,32 BCM : 1 ton dan untuk pedoman rule o f nearest point dengan nilai SR 7 BCM : 1 ton.
Coal mining by PT. Tambang Bukit Tambi uses an open pit mining system where one of the factors that can affect mining is water that entering the mining area, so water control must be carried out, one of the ways is by using mine dewatering system. The purpose of this study is 1) To know the debit of water entering the mining area. 2) To design a pumping plan 3) To create an ideal sump design for handling water that entering the mining area. Based on the research, the daily discharge is 32,243.36 m3 / day where the water discharge that can be released by 2 Kenflo XA 125 / 40B pumps is 640 m3 / hour in 50.38 hours and the water control effort is made a sump that must accommodate water amounting to 19,427.26 m3 and after the calculation is obtained a trapezoid-shaped sump design with size length and surface width of 63.7 m, length and width of the base of the sum of 60.9 m and depth of 5 meters.
The presence of water in mining activities is common, especially in tropical areas that have high rainfall, such as the research location at PT ANTAM Maluku Utara at the Moronopo Site. While the sump maintenance needs to be considered so that the sump can accommodate the incoming discharge. The purpose of this research is to calculate the total discharge entering the mine and to design the dimensions of the sump according to the incoming water discharge. The research method used is the Gumbel method starting from the analysis of rainfall data at the research location starting in 2004-2013 and then continuing with 2019-2020 data, the planned rainfall value is 96.56 mm/day, rainfall intensity is 15.63 mm/day hours with a rain return period of 25 years and a hydrological risk of 18.46 % and the total inflow of mine water is 17,556 m3/hour. After calculating the sump capacity in the Danis 2 area, it still has not accommodated the incoming discharge with the remaining unaccommodated discharge of 2,319.1 m3/hour.
Pertambangan emas rakyat tanpa ijin (PETI) di wilayah Hampalit, Kabupaten Katingan menyisakan bentang alam dan lubang bekas tambang yang tergenang air. Penggunaan merkuri (Hg) dalam proses pengolahan emas (amalgamasi) dapat mencemari lingkungan dan sangat berbahaya jika dalam kondisi terlarut. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kondisi air permukaan terhadap kandungan Hg terlarut pasca tambang emas rakyat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling method, pada 4 titik sampling. Sampel 1 Hg = 0,000541 mg/l; sampel 2 Hg = 0,00211 mg/l; sampel 3 = Hg = 0,00017 mg/l; sampel 4 Hg 0,00105 mg/l. Nilai Ambang batas Hg pada air limbah tambang emas adalah maksimum 0,005 mg/l dan untuk air minum adalah 0,001 mg/l. Indeks Pencemaran Air = 1,776387. Sehingga berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 115 tahun 2003, status mutu air lokasi penelitian adalah tercemar ringan. Upaya pengelolaan air limbah pasca tambang emas rakyat adalah dengan pembuatan kolam pengendapan, penggunaan zeolit sebagai penyerap Hg dalam air, fitoremidiasi dan pemantauan baku mutu air. Kata kunci : pertambangan, emas, amalgamasi, merkuri, air permukaan.
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