Polyurethanes based on the aminoethers of ortho-phosphoric acid and polyisocyanates of an aliphatic nature were studied as a substrate for the preparation of a new polymer electrolyte.
The dielectric and physical‐mechanical properties of organophosphorus polyurethane ionomers based on the ethers and aminoethers of ortho‐phosphoric acid have been investigated. The influence of the content of ionogenic groups and polyphosphate structures on the dielectric properties of polyurethanes has been analyzed. It is shown that the values of dielectric permittivity and tangent of dielectric loss in a wide frequency range increase with the content of ionogenic groups in polyurethanes studied. In this case, the increase in conductivity is diffusive in nature and is due to the mobility of protons within the phosphate anion clusters. The compositions of samples with a combination of high dielectric properties and excellent physical‐mechanical and adhesion characteristics have been determined. These are samples in which polyphosphate structures are present in addition to phosphate anions.
A new approach to obtain prolonged nitrogen fertilizers, based on the “gauging” of industrial instant nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and urea) by Sorel cement, is proposed. The resulting alkaline complex N(Mg)-fertilizers help neutralize soil acidity (“Sorel cement” - nMg(OH)2 • Mg(SO4, NO3) • mH2O also contain plant nutrients). The main quality criteria for prolonged N(Mg)-fertilizers have been developed. The results of evaluating the agrochemical effectiveness of prolonged N(Mg)-fertilizers (as well as urea-formaldehyde fertilizers - UFF) are presented. In the growing experiments the application of these fertilizers contributed to increase in the yield of wheat and green mass of Sudan grass by 20-30%. In the weather and climatic conditions of Tatarstan, prolonged UFF make it possible to obtain a full second mowing of Sudan grass in the autumn period and N(Mg)-fertilizers contributed to an increase in wheat yield by 15%.
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