In the present article, data from the microscopic investigation of the morphological structure of a cellular wall and plasmalemma of the Central Asian cotton fiber are given at different stages of their development. The objects under investigation were live hairs of five middle-fiber cotton species (Tashkent-1, 108-F, Namangan-77, Margelan-3, G. llirsutum L.) and the coarse-fiber variety of G. arboreum L., so-called Turfan Gtiza. To observe the cotton hair surface morphology, the original method of gelatinous prints was used. It is shown that, in all investigated samples of cotton cell-hairs, spiral structures are observed in the packing of cellulose microfibrils on the surface of the primary cell wall. Also, it is established that the plasmalemma of a cotton cell-hair makes a spiral movement along the direction of its growth. On the basis of the received data, a conclusion is made about the spiral mechanism for the deposition of cellulose microfibrils on a primary cell wall surface and the spiral movement of plasmalemma.

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A technique for revealing surface morphology of human cervical cancer cells has been developed to facilitate early diagnostics of a pre-cancer and cancer cells under reflected light microscopy. The offered method was borrowed from optical microscopy of a solid state surface where the metallographic inverted microscopy (MIM) are usually used. Unlike common accepted transmitted light microscopy for biological applications MIM technique allows to reveal a morphology and topology of a biological cells surface without any treatment by chemicals (fixing, staining, drying, freezing et al). The MIM method was demonstrated by analyzing fresh native smears from epithelium of uterine neck. MIM micrographs of 167 patients with diagnosis cervical cancer allow to visualize on the cancer cells surface numerous of the light reflective formations (LRF). It is supposed that LRF are connected with exocytosis on the cell membrane.

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