The lands that turned out to be unclaimed for agrarian production pass into the category of waste, due to the spread of weeds on them. At the first stage, such lands pass through a wild grass stage with typical weed-field vegetation, where annual dicotyledons predominate, subsequently these plants are supplanted by perennial grasses, overgrown with shrubs and tree growth, and waste lands become uncultivated deposits. The presence of vegetation cover with a height of 1-1.7 m not only complicates the conduct of mechanical tillage, but also requires large amounts of energy. On lands left out of agricultural use, there is a noticeable change in soil properties. All agrochemical parameters of deposits have a lower value than arable land. On abandoned fields, along with a decrease in nutrients in the soil, there is a change in water and air conditions, which complicates the process of tilling. Entering abandoned fields in crop rotation for the production of agricultural products is an important economic problem of the day. The aim of the work is to develop the technology of the main tillage and dump plow for its implementation, ensuring the incorporation of tall plants in abandoned fields at low energy costs and high agrotechnical indicators.

This article discusses the issue of theoretical background of capacity of new load handling tools of continuous loaders for organic fertilizers on the basis of kinematic analysis of their motion. Loader efficiency is estimated by a set of performances the main of which is loading capacity. The loading capacity is determined by design and kinematic parameters of tools. Theoretical determination of capacity is an important scientific task, its solution would permit to substantiate loader parameters for predetermined operation conditions. Kinematic analysis of spiral, vane, shredding screw load handling tools is performed. Capacity of shredding tools is determined as a function of design and operation parameters as well as physicochemical properties of organic fertilizers. The obtained equations take into account motion pattern of tools, kinematic and design parameters as well as physicochemical properties of manure. The capacity depends quadratically on tool diameter. Dependence on other parameters is in fact directly proportional. The influence of tool angular velocity and its forward velocity is related with trigonometric functions of rotation angles during separation and gripping of organic fertilizers.

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ПРОТАСОВ Андрей Анатольевич, Саратовский государственный аграрный университет имени Н.И. Вавилова МАКАРОВ Сергей Анатольевич, Саратовский государственный аграрный университет имени Н.И. Вавилова Описаны двухфазный способ уборки лука-репки и применение его в зависимости от сорта, погодных условий и технической оснащенности сельхозпредприятия. Изложены возможности послеуборочной доработки конечного продукта и влияние их на себестоимость. Проанализированы существующие технологии и средства механизации для двухфазной уборки, их преимущества и недостатки. На основании анализа использования уборочных машин и возможностей выполняемых ими операций разработана классификация технологий двухфазной уборки лука-репки. Рассмотрены универсальные средства механизации и уборочные машины трансформеры, позволяющие использовать на уборке лука-репки комбайны, предназначенные для других культур (картофеля, моркови и др.).