Purpose: Bangladesh faces a growing food demand from a growing population under the continuous shrinking of arable land. Most Bangladeshi farmers produce inbred rice. Hybrid rice has been shown, in China, to be far more productive per hectare. Bangladesh cannot feed itself long-term without ample produce of hybrid rice. Yet, fewer Bangladeshi farmers are growing hybrid rice at present; they perceive hybrid rice cultivation as too risky. The present study was conducted to define the yield risks of hybrid rice and develop management strategies to allow hybrid rice to contribute more to food production.Research Method: Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to evaluate the risks of hybrid rice production from the farmers' perspective and the experts'. Three hundred fifty-four randomly-sampled hybrid rice farmers were interviewed with key informants, focus group discussions, experts' opinion surveys, and workshops. A fuzzy triangular scale was used in calculating the yield risks of hybrid rice production.Findings: From the results, unexpected yield performance, germination failure, unavailability of seed in sowing seasons, and crop failure due to pest infestation were identified as the critical yield risks. A regression model determined that education, family income, innovativeness, hybrid rice cultivation experience, and rice selling in public procurement are lower yield risks in growing hybrid rice. Therefore, educated farmers from high-income families, innovative farmers, experienced farmers, and farmers who sell rice in public procurement face lower yield risk in hybrid rice production.Originality/value: This study mainly identified the critical risk and management strategies for hybrid rice production in Bangladesh. The policy advises encouraging hybrid rice cultivation by reducing yield risk, which is also offered.
Climate change has been a threat to food security challenges. Climate change presents an additional stress on food security challenges as it affects production of food in many ways. Among various stresses, drought is a big concern and rising at an alarming rate with climate change. Scientific approaches are being tried to understand the mechanisms of drought stress. The emergence of new molecular biology approaches and new sequencing as well as phenotyping platforms good research progress has been made in regard to drought and drought resistance mechanisms via identification of quantitative trait loci or genes responsible for drought tolerance mechanisms through Qtl mapping, Family based Qtl mapping, Linkage disequilibrium, Structural and Functional genomics approaches. Genome wide selection methods have been used for the current world concern of drought which will eventually lead to climate resilient crops and will solve the problem of food insecurity in near future. Huge data are being derived from genome wide selection (GWS) studies at the transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics levels, but how efficiently to explore and exploit these data to extract the essential functional pathways or networks for genetic improvement of drought resistance remains a significant challenge.
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