No abstract

In the refractories industry, increasing use is now being made of a method of compacting the material on vibropercussive tables under a dynamic pressure of 1.5-2.0 MPa.An investigation of the process of vibropressing of shaped chamotte products revealed that to obtain a compact material it is necessary to exert a strong dynamic action (about I0 MPa or more). With this aim, at the All-Union Institute of Refractories (VIO) we have developed a method of vibropressing with a powerful dynamic action in a hydroinertial vibropercussive press [i]. A previous report [2] dealt with work on vibropressing of ladle parts of relatively simple shape.In this article we shall give the results of investigations of vibropressingof shaped refractory products made from semidry pastes of various degree of plasticity.In our investigation we used chamotte paste made at the Borovichi Refractories Combine and the Chasov-Yar Combine of Refractory Products, ready-mixed Dinas mixture made at the Krasnogorovka Refractories Works, and also a graphite--chamotte mixture made at the VIO.The graphite--chamotte and Chasov-Yar chamotte pastes were made in a blade-type mixer, which was also used to process the Dinas paste to break up lumps formed during transportation.The Borovichi chamotte paste was made in SM-21A edge runner mills.The specimens were pressed and their characteristics determined by a previously developed method [2]. The power parameters of the process were registered with the aid of tensometers and an N-105 oscillograph.All-Union Institute of Refractories.

The article is devoted to the use of renewable energy sources and the assessment of the feasibility of their use in the climatic conditions of the Western Urals. A simulation model that calculates the efficiency of a combined power installations (CPI) was (RES) developed. The CPI consists of the geothermal heat pump (GHP) and the vacuum solar collector (VCS) and is based on the research model. This model allows solving a wide range of problems in the field of energy and resource efficiency, and can be applied to other objects using RES. Based on the research recommendations for optimizing the management and the application of CPI were given. The optimization system will give a positive effect in the energy and resource consumption of low-rise residential buildings projects.

The paper is devoted to the development of a methodology to evaluate the possible locations of wind generators using GIS technologies for the climatic conditions of the Western Urals. A model of the wind generator operation in the electrical network using the OpenModelica simulation environment has been built. Recommendations on the use of a wind generator and a feasibility study of its use on the base of an energy-efficient autonomous research module (EEARM) are worked out.

The establishments of the refractories industry manufacture over 4000 different types and sizes of chamotte products of intricate shapes. A large proportion of these products are formed by hand from plastic compositions. Products of very intricate and special shapes are ordered in small batches and the orders are usually not repeated. The forming of the products by mechanical means on hydraulic and friction presses requires large outlays on the acquisition of equipment and the fabrication of heavy and expensive molds.The All-Union Institute of Refractories and the Borovich Refractories Combine have carried out experiments in the vibromolding of products of very intricate and special shapes on a vibration table designed at the All-Union Institute of Refractories [1 ] with a view to mechanizing the manufacture of these products.The vibration table contains 10 times less metal than a hydraulic or friction press. The power consumption is also lower [2]. Vibration tables permit the use of lightweight thin-walled molds because the pressure transmitted by the product being compacted to the wall of the mold as a result of the vibration and the static pressure does not exceed 10-15 kgf/cm 2.The choice of an example of a product of a special shape fell on the crucible (Fig. 1), which is a socalled multiheight product in which the difference in the height of the walls and bottom is large. The crucible weighs 10 kg. The products chosen for the manufacture of industrial batches weighed 34, 39, and 18 kg (Fig. 2).The crucibles were formed in a one-piece steel mold with 15-mm-thick wails, and the complex-shaped products of the experimental batches in sectional molds with wooden wails and steel dies.* Observations during the vibromolding process showed that the wear of the wooden wails reaches the permitted maximum after 20-25 moldings so that these walls can be used for the manufacture of a batch of 15-20 products.In order to match the technology of vibromolding to production conditions, the experiments were conducted with chamotte powders of the grain-size distribution used at the Borovich Combine (Table 1}. Tests were carried out with the standard chamotte powders used for the manufacture of complex-shaped *The molds for the products of the experimental batches were designed by M. M. Rusinskii.